Chitosan–Heparin Polyelectrolyte Multilayer-Modified Poly(vinyl alcohol) Vascular Patches based on a Decellularized Scaffold for Vascular Regeneration

Abstract

Vascular patches play an important role in vascular reparation and cardiovascular diseases therapy. Recently, decellularized scaffold (DCS)-based vascular patches have drawn attention for their good biocompatibility and blood compatibility. In this work, we developed a poly(vinyl alcohol)-coated DCS as a vascular patch for vascular regeneration. Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) were further decorated on the surface via layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly to improve the biocompatibility of the vascular patch. According to the in vitro experiment, the vascular patch exhibited rapid endothelialization and good hemocompatibility. Compared with unmodified poly(vinyl alcohol)/DCS, the PEM-modified vascular patch possesses improved hemocompatibility, for example, enhanced anti-platelet adhesion ability, prolonged in vitro coagulation time, and decreased hemolysis rate. Therefore, this vascular patch is conducive to the proliferation and attachment of endothelial progenitor cells. Meanwhile, the in vivo performance in a porcine model was investigated with the in vivo computed tomography angiography and B ultrasound was used to further confirm the vascular regeneration. Excitedly, the porcine artery could remain unblocked for 5 months after implantation. Our current research provides a potential strategy for treating diseased blood vessels in clinical surgery.

Surface Engineering of Auxetic Scaffolds for Neural and Vascular Differentiation from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

“…[ 38,39 ] Therefore, the combination of these two biomolecules has been used for vascular regeneration. [ 40 ] However, chitosan and heparin have not been conjugated with the auxetic scaffolds to date. In this study, the PAA was chosen as the bridge for further grafting, which linked the chitosan and heparin biomolecules to the PU scaffolds.…”

Recent Developments and Current Challenges of Heparin-Grafted Hemodialysis Membranes

“…Moreover, the cross-linked complex demonstrated better biocompatibility in terms of the growth of C3H10T1/2 cells after 24 h of cultivation. However, an uncross-linked chitosan/heparin complex was reported to be successfully used as an implant for 5 months for vascular regeneration [57]. In this study, a decellularized scaffold (DCS) vascular path was coated with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with the further immobilization of chitosan/heparin via layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly.…”