Results provide support for the validity of a Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) total score that can be used along with the normative data to provide an index of overall level of cognitive functioning from the CERAD neuropsychological battery.

The prevalence of oral mucositis was 42.5% among inpatients and admission length was increased with increasing severity. Patient diagnosis, chemotherapy treatment block, day of chemotherapy cycle, and neutropenic status were shown to influence the risk of developing oral mucositis.

Mutual understanding and collaboration between the oncology and dental departments in hospitals is crucial for standardizing patient care and for improving oral care standards.

Oral focal mucinosis (OFM) is an uncommon soft tissue lesion of unknown aetiology. Clinically, it is most commonly found on the gingiva and presents as a painless, sessile or pedunculated mass that is the same colour as surrounding mucosa. Histologically, it is characterized by focal myxoid degeneration of connective tissue. OFM occurs predominantly in adults during the fourth and fifth decade of life, although it has been reported infrequently in children and adolescents. Diagnosis relies on histological analysis and treatment involves complete surgical excision. Recurrence is unreported. This case report describes the clinical and histological presentation and subsequent management of OFM in an adolescent female patient.

Objectives To determine the relationship between periodontal disease and glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes and to characterize the diversity and composition of their oral microbiota. Methods Cross‐sectional study including children with type 1 diabetes recruited from clinics at the Women's and Children's Hospital (Australia). Participants had a comprehensive dental assessment, periodontal examination, and buccal and gingival samples collected for 16S rRNA sequencing. Results Seventy‐seven participants (age 13.3 ± 2.6 years, 38 males, BMI z‐score 0.81 ± 0.75) had a diabetes duration of 5.6 ± 3.9 years and median HbA1c of 8.5% (range 5.8–13.3), 69.4 mmol/mol (range 39.9–121.9). Thirty‐eight (49%) had early markers of periodontal disease. HbA1c was positively correlated with plaque index (Rho = 0.34, P = 0.002), gingival index (Rho = 0.30, P = 0.009), bleeding on probing (Rho = 0.44, P = 0.0001) and periodontal pocket depth >3 mm (Rho = 0.21, P = 0.06). A 1% increase in HbA1c was independently associated with an average increase in bleeding on probing of 25% (P = 0.002) and with an increase in the rate of sites with pocket depth >3 mm of 54% (P = 0.003). Higher HbA1c was independently related to increased phylogenetic alpha diversity (P = 0.008) and increased compositional variation (beta diversity P = 0.02) in gingival, but not buccal, microbiota. Brushing frequency, plaque index, and gingival index had a significant effect on microbiota composition, independent of HbA1c. Conclusions Children with type 1 diabetes showed a continuous relationship between less favorable glycemic control and increased early markers of periodontal disease. Glycemic control was also related to the complexity and richness of the plaque microbiota, with diversity increasing as HbA1c levels increase.

In a clinical practice setting, the majority of subjects receiving galantamine who completed the study maintained their ratings of cognition, function, behaviour or global assessment over the 6-month period.

In Western countries, rising incidence and survival rates in childhood cancer have led to increased patient morbidity, including short- and long-term oral effects. Some acute oral complications occur three times more commonly in children than adults. This literature review sourced material from medical databases to discuss the acute and chronic oral complications of oncology treatment in children. The article explores caries, gingivitis, oral infections, and oral mucositis, as well as available tools for measuring their incidence, prevention, and treatment in children. Many tools and interventions appear to be available to prevent and treat oral complications of cancer treatment in children; however, they lack reliable and consistent research. Future research should use larger samples to report the incidence of oral complications, which would allow identification of children at increased risk. In addition, larger studies would provide baseline information to enable the construction of appropriate randomized clinical trials to test methods of prevention and proposed interventions for oral complications of cancer treatment in children.

BackgroundPeriodontal disease is a frequent complication of diabetes in adults, and both conditions are associated with systemic inflammatory states. This systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted to establish the relative severity of periodontal disease risk markers in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D).MethodsA systematic search strategy using PubMed and EMBASE databases was performed to identify relevant studies assessing periodontal risk markers in children and adolescents and T1D through to February 2019. Eligible studies were assessed for quality and heterogeneity, and a random effects model was used to estimate differences in selected periodontal risk markers in children with T1D relative to healthy controls.ResultsThe search identified 551 studies from which 23 were found to meet the inclusion criteria. Random effects meta‐analyses demonstrated that relative to healthy controls, children and adolescents with T1D had higher mean values for plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, pocket depth and clinical attachment loss (all P < .001).ConclusionsRisk markers for periodontal disease were found to be more pronounced among children and adolescents with T1D compared to healthy controls. Early referral of these at risk individuals for dental examination is recommended to allow for early intervention.