RESUMO Objetivou-se verificar a adesão ao tratamento farmacológico da hipertensão arterial e fatores associados à baixa adesão em hipertensos adstritos à Atenção Primária à Saúde. Estudo transversal, realizado em duas Estratégias Saúde da Família em um município da região Noroeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A coleta de dados foi realizada em domicílio no período de janeiro a maio de 2016. Para verificar a adesão ao tratamento, utilizou-se o Brief Medication Questionnaire. Participaram do estudo 145 hipertensos de ambos os sexos. Identificaram-se valores pressóricos mais elevados entre os hipertensos com baixa adesão do que entre os aderentes. Em relação à associação de medicamentos anti-hipertensivos, verificou-se que quanto maior o número de medicamentos utilizados, menor a adesão. Os fatores relacionados com a diminuição da adesão foram: baixa renda, uso de dois ou mais anti--hipertensivos e dificuldades para ler a embalagem dos medicamentos.PALAVRAS-CHAVE Adesão à medicação. Anti-hipertensivos. Atenção Primária à Saúde. Doença crônica. ABSTRACT The objective was to verify adherence to the pharmacological treatment of arterial hypertension and factors associated with the low adhesion of hypertensive people attached to

Introduction: Obesity refers to the accumulation of fatty tissues and it favors the occurrence of oxidative stress. Alternatives that can contribute to body weight reduction have been investigated in order to reduce the production of reactive oxygen species responsible for tissue damage. The aim of the current study was to assess whether the oxidant and antioxidant markers of obese women before and after bariatric surgery were able to reduce oxidative damage. Method:We have assessed 16 morbidly obese women five days before and 180 days after the surgery. The control group comprised 16 non-obese women. Levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, carbonylated proteins, reduced glutathione and ascorbic acid were assessed in the patients' plasma. Results: Levels of lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation in the pre-surgical obese women were higher than those of the controls and post-surgical obese women. Levels of reduced glutathione in the pre-surgical obese women were high compared to the controls, and declined after surgery. Levels of ascorbic acid fell in the pre--surgical obese women compared to the control and post-surgical obese women. Conclusion: Body weight influences the production of reactive oxygen species. Bariatric surgery, combined with weight loss and vitamin supplementation, reduces cellular oxidation, thus reducing tissue damage.

RESUMO:Tivemos como objetivo avaliar o efeito da infusão de Cunila microcephala Benth sobre a atividade da enzima acetilcolinesterase (AChE) e marcadores de estresse oxidativo em eritrócitos de agricultores. Foram utilizadas amostras provenientes de 16 trabalhadores rurais expostos a pesticidas agrícolas pelo período mínimo de 5 anos e um grupo controle constituído de 16 indivíduos não expostos a agrotóxicos. As hemácias dos agricultores e o grupo A foram expostos "in vitro" à solução salina (NaCl 0,9%). Os demais grupos foram expostos à infusão de poejo nas concentrações de 0; 5; 10; 25 e 50 g/L (Grupos B; C; D e E, respectivamente). Em seguida, foram realizadas as determinações da atividade da AChE e dos níveis de substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS), proteínas carboniladas (PCs) e glutationa reduzida (GSH). Os resultados mostram que a infusão de poejo 50g/L, aumenta a atividade da enzima AChE e os níveis de GSH. Contudo, os níveis de TBARS e PCs diminuíram após o tratamento com a infusão de poejo 25 e 50 g/L. A infusão de poejo, na concentração de 50 g/L, é capaz de reverter, "in vitro" a inibição da atividade da AChE que ocorre pela exposição a pesticidas, e ainda demonstra um importante potencial antioxidante, tendo em vista que diminuiu danos lipídicos e proteicos e ainda, estimulou a produção do principal antioxidante não enzimático endógeno.Palavras-Chave: Pesticidas, Estresse Oxidativo, Poejo.ABSTRACT: Effect of the Cunila microcephala Benth infusion on the activity of Acetilcolinesterase enzyme and on the biomarkers of oxidative stress in farmers erythrocytes. Evaluating the effect of infusion Cunila microcephala Benth on acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) enzyme and on biomarkers of oxidative stress in farmers erythrocytes. We used samples from 16 rural workers exposed to pesticides for a minimum of five years, and a control group composed of 16 individuals not exposed to pesticides. The erythrocytes of farmers and from group A were exposed "in vitro" the saline solution (NaCl 0,9%). The other groups were exposed to the infusion of "poejo" at concentrations of 0; 5; 10; 25 and 50 g/L (Groups B, C, D and E, respectively). Then, it was realized the analitical determinations of AChE activity and TBARS, PCs and GSH levels. The results showed that "poejo" infusion 50g/L, increased the AChE activity and GSH levels. However, the TBARS e PCs levels decreased after the treatment with "poejo" infusion 25 e 50 g/L. The "poejo" infusion 50 g/L is able to revert "in vitro" the inhibition of AChE activity that occurs by exposure to pesticides and also demonstrates an important antioxidant potential, given that decreased lipid and protein damage and also it stimulated the production of the main non-enzymatic antioxidant endogenous.

The acid 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic (2,4-D), agrochemical widely applied to the improvement of the agricultural productivity, is recognized as extremely toxic, once that its effects are accompanied by the occurrence of oxidative stress. On this context it becomes fundamental to explore components that are able to reduce the damages caused to the organism by this pesticide. The P. Peruviana, is a plant known that it presents components which contribute to the neutralization of the reactive species. Thus, this study had as purpose to evaluate the effect of P. Peruviana fruit aqueous extract on the bio-markers of oxidative stress in erythrocytes exposed to the 2,4-D. The exposition of samples to the 2,4-D has been done, followed to the treatment of these ones with different concentrations of the P. Peruviana Extract (1; 10; 25; 50 e 83 g/L). The results show an increase of the TBARS, PCs, and GSH after the exposure to the 2,4-D. On the other hand, after the treatment of the samples there was a reduction of the PCs and GSH levels in all the treated groups, and a decrease of the lipid peroxidation levels on the groups that were exposed to the Extract on the concentrations of 1 and 10g/L. The results show that the P. Peruviana owns an effect on the antioxidant system of the organism, viewing that it stimulated the consumption of GSH and thus it was able to fix damages in lipids and proteins provoked by 2,4-D specially on the concentrations of 1 and 10 g/L.

Este estudo objetiva avaliar o conhecimento quanto à espécie e indicação de plantas medicinais utilizadas por mulheres em processo de envelhecimento. Trata-se de estudo transversal, quantitativo, vinculado à pesquisa "Estudo multidimensional de mulheres no processo de envelhecimento". A coleta de dados foi realizada nas residências das participantes, através da aplicação de um questionário e coleta do material vegetal para a identificação botânica. Entre as 84 participantes, 94% faziam uso de planta medicinal para tratar doenças e 56% como aromatizante no chimarrão, bebida característica da região Sul, preparada com erva mate moída e água quente. Foram identificadas 148 plantas medicinais de 23 famílias e 47 espécies diferentes. Destas, 20 espécies foram classificadas como adequadas quanto à indicação, conforme a literatura pesquisada, 12 espécies estavam parcialmente adequadas, 10 espécies estavam inadequadas e 5 espécies não foram encontradas nas bibliografias. Constatou-se que muitas espécies estão em desacordo com a literatura quanto ao uso relatado pelas participantes, o que reforça a necessidade de orientação para essas usuárias do serviço público de saúde, relativas à indicação e a toxicidade das plantas medicinais. ARTIGOS / ARTICLES CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS E DA SAÚDEPalavras chave: Climatério. Estratégia saúde da família. Etnobotânica. Plantas medicinais. Saúde da mulher.This study objective was to evaluate the knowledge on the species and indication of medicinal plants used by women in the aging process. It is a cross-sectional, quantitative study, linked to research "multidimensional study of women in the aging process." Data collection was carried out in the homes of the participants, by applying a questionnaire and the collection of plant material for botanical identification. The 84 participants, 94% were using of medicinal plant to treat diseases and 56% in mate as flavoring that is a characteristic drink of the southern region, prepared with ground grass mate and hot water. It was realized the identification of 148 medicinal plants of 23 families and 47 different species have been identified. Of these, 20 species were appropriate according to the literature, 12 species were partially adequate, 10 species were inadequate and 5 species were found in the surveyed bibliographies. It was found that many species are at odds with the literature regarding the use indicated by participants, which indicates the need for guidance to those users of the public health service regarding the use and toxicity of medicinal plants. ResumoKeyword: Climacteric. Ethnobotany. Family health strategy. Plants medicinal. Women's health.

Gelatti GT, Oliveira KR, Colet CF. Objective: To identify the potential interactions resulting from the use of medicinal plants and herbal concomitant with medicine used by menopausal women. Method: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study of 87 climacteric women receiving care at Family Health Strategies VII and VIII of the city of Ijuí/RS and that are part of institutional research "Multidimensional study of women in the aging process". Results: Of the 87 women studied, 55 used at least one medicinal plant and nine women used at least one concomitant herbal medicinal products, a total of 26 women exposed to interactions between plants and medicines and six women exposed to interactions between herbal medicines and medicines. Conclusion:The study revealed high exposure to interactions resulting from the use of medicinal plants and herbal with medicines in the users of the Unit Health System in the city and the monitoring of the use of these products by health professionals is necessary. Descriptors: Climacteric, Herbal medicine, Medicinal plants, Drug interactions, Family health strategy.

RESUMOInvestigar os efeitos do TMI sobre a lipoperoxidação em indivíduos obesos. Metodologia: Participaram desse estudo sete indivíduos obesos com idade média de 34 ± 5 anos. Foi avaliada a força muscular respiratória, a resistência muscular inspiratória, a tolerância ao exercício pelo teste de caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6m), a qualidade de vida e a ocorrência de lipoperoxidação através da determinação dos níveis de substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS), antes e após quatro semanas de TMI, realizado à 30% da pressão inspiratória máxima. Resultados: O TMI induziu aumento na força muscular inspiratória (p=0,008), na resistência muscular inspiratória (p=0,0003), bem como ocasionou melhora no domínio físico do escore de qualidade de vida. Entretanto, o TMI não alterou a distância percorrida no TC6m e os níveis de TBARS (p=0,85). Conclusão: Quatro semanas de TMI aumentam a força e resistência muscular inspiratória, bem como melhoram o domínio físico da qualidade de vida, porém não altera os níveis de TBARS em obesos. Descritores ABSTRACTTo investigate the effects of TMI on lipid peroxidation in obese individuals. Methods: Seven obese subjects with a mean age of 34 ± 5 years participated in this study. It was evaluated the respiratory muscle strength, the inspiratory muscle endurance, the exercise tolerance by the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and the quality of life, as well, is was investigate the occurrence of lipid peroxidation by determining the levels of reactive substances thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) before and after four weeks of TMI, performed at 30% of maximal inspiratory pressure. Results: TMI induced increase in inspiratory muscle strength (p=0.008), inspiratory muscle resistance (p=0.0003) and improvement in the physical domain of quality of life score. However, TMI did not alter the distance on the 6MWT and the levels of TBARS (p=0.85). Conclusion: Four weeks of TMI increases inspiratory muscle strength and endurance and improves the physical domain of quality of life, but does not change the TBARS levels in obese.

The aim of the present study is to investigate in vitro antioxidant activity of Cunila microcephala Benth infusion (Poejo) in erythrocytes from individuals with HIV/AIDS. Erythrocytes were used from seventeen patients of both sexes, with HIV/AIDS, receiving antiretroviral therapy and the control group consisted of erythrocytes of HIV/AIDS free individuals belonging to both sexes. The erythrocytes were treated in vitro for an hour with infusions of Poejo at the following concentrations: 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 g/L After treatment, the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), carbonylated proteins (CPs), and reduced glutathione (GSH) were measured. A reduction in lipoperoxidation and protein carbonylation was observed after treatment with poejo tea at the concentrations of 5, 10, 25 and 50g/L. In addition, a reduction of GSH at such concentrations was observed. Poejo infusion appears to perform an antioxidant activity in lipid oxidation and in the protein carbonylation found in individuals with HIV/AIDS.