We objective was to understand the changes in nutritional characteristics and performance of grazing Nellore cows during the peripartum receiving or not supplementation. Forty multiparous cows were used, divided into two treatments: CON - mineral mixture and SUP – protein supplementation. Digestibility trial was performed (-45,-30,-15, + 20, +40; days relative to calving). The average daily gain (ADG) pre and postpartum of the cows were measured and, in gestational and maternal tissues in the prepartum, in addition of body condition score (BCS). The calves were weighed at birth and at 30 days of age. There was an effect of treatment and period (P ≤ 0.10) for dry matter, organic matter and crude protein intake, while forage intake was similar (P ≥ 0.10), but with a period effect (P ≤ 0.10). There was 14.37% decrease in dry matter intake from day − 30 to day − 15 of prepartum. In the postpartum period, at 20 days of lactation, there was increase of 72.66% in relation to the period − 15. There was interaction between period and treatment for all digestibilities (P ≤ 0.10). No differences were observed in postpartum ADG (P ≥ 0.10), BCS at calving and postpartum (P ≥ 0.10). However, higher total ADG and in maternal tissues (P ≤ 0.10) were observed on supplemented animals, but with ADG in gestational tissues similar (P ≥ 0.10). It is concluded that there is a decrease in voluntary intake in grazing pregnant cows close to parturition and greater performance of animals supplemented in prepartum.
The aim was to evaluate intake and apparent digestibility, productive performance and nitrogen balance of the F1 Holstein/Zebu dairy cows fed sugarcane silage with different particle sizes containing or not calcium oxide (CaO). Eight F1 Holstein/Zebu cows, with average body weight of 521.5 ± 55.17 kg, and 60 ± 10 days in milk were used, distributed in two simultaneous 4x4 Latin squares. The treatments were composed of sugarcane in two particle sizes (15 and 30 mm) with and without addition of CaO (10 g/kg natural matter basis), being the treatments compared according to a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance using the MIXED procedure of SAS (version 9.4). The intakes of the dry matter (13.05 kg/d), crude protein, non-brous carbohydrates and neutral detergent ber were not modi ed (P > 0.05) by the inclusion of the calcium oxide, nor ot by particles size and interaction among both. However, there was interaction between CaO and particle size on dry matter digestibility (P = 0.002).The yield (13.85 kg/d) and composition of the milk were also not affected by diets (P > 0.05), similarly for nitrogen balance (P > 0,05). The addition of CaO to sugarcane silage with different particle sizes (15 and 30 mm) does not affect the yield and composition of the milk of Holstein/Zebu cows, nor the nitrogen balance. However, when CaO is added to sugarcane silage with reduced particle size, there is a loss in dry matter digestibility.
Our objective was to evaluate the effects of leucaena hay combined with cactus pear on the nutritional parameters and nitrogen metabolism of crossbred steers. Eight crossbred steers, with an average age of 12 months, initial weight of 267.5 ± 15 kg, were distributed into two simultaneous 4x4 Latin squares according to a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, in which the first factor evaluated two different proportions of inclusion of hay from leucena (50 or 70% dry matter basis), and the second factor was the total replacement of ground corn grain with cactus pear. Data were analyzed by the MIXED procedure of SAS. Significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. There was lower dry matter (DM) intake (P < 0.05) in animals fed 70% hay. There was an interaction (P < 0.05) between the factors for DM digestibility, in which the animals fed cactus pear did not differ regardless of the inclusion of leucaena, but for animals without cactus pear, the greater inclusion of leucaena hay decreases DM digestibility. The inclusion of cactus decreased (P < 0.05) free water intake. On the other hand, there was interaction (P < 0.05) for total water intake, in which the animals fed without cactus pear presented similarity for this, while in the inclusion of cactus pear, the animals fed 70% of leucaena presented higher water intake. Also, lower values (P < 0.05) of chewing (number/bolus and number/d) were observed for animals fed cactus pear.
The aim was to evaluate intake and apparent digestibility, productive performance and nitrogen balance of the F1 Holstein/Zebu dairy cows fed sugarcane silage with different particle sizes containing or not calcium oxide (CaO). Eight F1 Holstein/Zebu cows, with average body weight of 521.5 ± 55.17 kg, and 60 ± 10 days in milk were used, distributed in two simultaneous 4x4 Latin squares. The treatments were composed of sugarcane in two particle sizes (15 and 30 mm) with and without addition of CaO (10 g/kg natural matter basis), being the treatments compared according to a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance using the MIXED procedure of SAS (version 9.4). The intakes of the dry matter (13.05 kg/d), crude protein, non-fibrous carbohydrates and neutral detergent fiber were not modified (P > 0.05) by the inclusion of the calcium oxide, nor ot by particles size and interaction among both. However, there was interaction between CaO and particle size on dry matter digestibility (P = 0.002). The yield (13.85 kg/d) and composition of the milk were also not affected by diets (P > 0.05), similarly for nitrogen balance (P > 0,05). The addition of CaO to sugarcane silage with different particle sizes (15 and 30 mm) does not affect the yield and composition of the milk of Holstein/Zebu cows, nor the nitrogen balance. However, when CaO is added to sugarcane silage with reduced particle size, there is a loss in dry matter digestibility.
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