Even in areas of predominance of Caiuá sandstone, with soils of low natural fertility that are highly susceptible to erosion and degradation processes, farmers have adopted systems with little diversification, because they believe that they provide a greater economic return. However, agricultural practices such as crop rotation can bring agronomic benefits in terms of conservation agriculture, in addition to economic gains, circumventing edaphoclimatic difficulties in the region. In this context, the objective of this study is to verify whether no-till crop rotation systems are economically profitable, in a Caiuá sandstone area in the northwest region of the Brazilian state of Paraná. To this end, an experiment was conducted in the municipality of Umuarama, state of Paraná, in the crop year 2014/15 to 2016/17. The experimental design used random blocks, with four treatments and four repetitions. The treatments consisted of four crop rotation systems, involving wheat, black oats, canola, safflower, rye, crambe, beans, maize, fodder radish, soybean, sorghum, lupin beans, buckwheat, and triticale cultivars. Crop yields, operating costs, income, and net farm income were assessed. From the results, it was reported that the highest income was obtained in the systems that adopted the largest number of winter and summer commercial crops. Only one treatment was profitable, that is, it had a positive net farm income. This scenario may be associated with the fragility of the region’s soil, which having low fertility, requires a high investment in fertilization and liming to ensure adequate production.
Crop rotation with species diversification contributes to the control of pests, diseases and weeds and improves soil fertility and conservation, which can lead to increased profitability in grain production systems. The objectives of this study were to determine whether grain production systems that employ crop rotation with species diversification are more productive and profitable than double-cropping rotations without diversification and to analyze the revenues and production costs of these cropping systems. An experiment was conducted in a region with subtropical climate between the crop years of 2014–2015 and 2019–2020. The experiment consisted of a randomized block design with six treatments and four replicates. The treatments consisted of six grain production systems, including five rotations with varied levels of species diversification and a corn–soybean rotation without species diversification, all under no-tillage. Productivity, revenue, production cost and profit indicators were analyzed. Productivity was compared by Duncan’s test (p ≤ 0.05). The grain production systems with species diversification showed better productivity and profitability than the corn–soybean system. The profit of the systems with species diversification was on average 37% higher than that of the system with corn–soybean rotation. In summary, grain production systems that employ crop rotation with species diversification showed higher productivity and profitability than the corn–soybean rotation without species diversification.
Diversifi ed crop rotation is an option for expanding producer incomes, and its adoption has presented a series of agronomic advantages compared to less diversifi ed crop rotation systems. In this context, the objective of this study was to verify if higherdiversifi ed crop rotation systems perform economically better than low-diversifi ed ones. To this end, we conducted an experiment in no-tillage crop areas in Londrina, in south of Brazil, for the years 2014/15 to 2016/17. The experiment design was randomized blocks, with six treatments, consisting of crop rotation systems with different levels of diversifi cation, and four replications. We observed that higher-diversifi ed crop rotation systems yield higher revenues and profi ts. Only these systems, specifi cally the ones that included canola-corn, crambe-corn, and saffl ower-soybeans, or wheat-corn+brachiaria, canola-corn, and edible beans-soybeans were economically feasible. Despite higher cost, diversifi ed systems with a greater number of commercial crops in winter presented higher profi ts. However, diversifi ed systems with a high proportion of cover crops in winter are economically infeasible because their net return is negative.
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