The experimental results on the effect of grain treatment with ozone-air mixture on the level of artificial grain contamination with micromycetes are presented. The contamination dynamics for 1000 kg of wheat grain contaminated with Penicillium nordicum and Aspergillus flavus and stored in the prototype grain storage unit in ozone environment for 6 months is shown. The study on the effect of ozone on the growth inhibition of Aspergillus flavus for maize grain and Penicillium verrucosum for wheat grain in a 100 dm3 silo is presented. The effect of ozone on the content of aflatoxins in maize grain additionally contaminated with Aspergillus flavus is studied. The efficiency of ozone technologies for large-scale grain storage, as well as for reducing fungal contamination and controlling mycotoxin content in food grains, is shown.
Change in time for the shape of the discharge current pulses of the pulsed negative corona in oxygen with cop-per and stainless steel cathodes has been studied for two discharge modes. The change lies in the decrease of the pulse amplitude and duration at half maximum. It is shown that for stainless steel cathodes, the amount of electric charge transferred in one pulse of the discharge current is 15% greater than for copper cathodes. It is also shown that under the maximum load mode, the amount of charge transferred in one pulse of the discharge current is de-creased with time by 10% for both types of cathodes. It is shown that ozone synthesis in the electrode system with copper cathodes is 25% more efficient.
The influence of the products of plasma chemical reactions (including ozone) on the storage of vegetables and fruits has been investigated. It has been shown that the products of plasma chemical reactions effectively suppress the growth of mold. For a number of vegetables and fruits, surface modification occurs, which leads to the loss of the "marketable" appearance. At the same time, the ripening rate of many products decreases.
It is impossible to effectively use water with a high salt content at car washes. In many places, access to water with a high salt content is almost unlimited but its utilization requires deionization. For this purpose, several methods are used, the main of which are reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, ion exchange methods, and distillation. However, they have significant drawbacks. Recently, the technology of capacitive deionization of water has been widely used, based on the removal of salt ions from the solution during the charge/discharge of "double" electric layers of carbon materials with a significant active surface (800‒2,000 m2/g). Theoretically, this process should be more energy efficient by using a low potential voltage (1–2 V). This paper considers the interrelation of physical parameters that affect the process of capacitive deionization of water. The dependences of voltage drop on serial internal resistance on different concentrations of sodium chloride and the distance between electrodes for electrodes based on the material SAUT-1S (Belarus) have been investigated. It is shown that the main contribution to the sequential internal resistance is introduced by the resistance of the electrolyte. As the distance between the electrodes increases, the voltage drop on the serial internal resistance increases linearly. A decrease in the concentration of ions leads to a decrease in the conductivity of the solution, which causes an increase in energy consumption and a decrease in the efficiency of sorption. It has been demonstrated that the voltage drop at the serial internal resistance when the voltage on the electrodes is limited, which is set in order to avoid the transition of the electrode charging mode to the electrolysis of water, causes a significant drop in the efficiency of the capacitive deionization process
The pilot studies have been conducted to determine the biocidal effects of ozone and plasma chemical treatment for 1, 2, and 3 h on the strain “Moldavian” of infectious rhinotracheitis virus, reference strain of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, atypical mycobacteria of the species Mycobacusleum phlei and archival strain of Aspergillus flavus artificially introduced into aqueous solution. It is shown that both treatments of aqueous solution contaminated with infectious rhinotracheitis virus have virucidal properties at the level of 95…100%. It was found that bactericidal (bacteriostatic) effect of ozone treatment for Escherichia coli fluid was 100% for all the time parameters. For plasma chemical treatment, the bacteriostatic effect (23%) was shown after the treatment within 3 h. The bactericidal (bacteriostatic) effect of ozone treatment for water samples contaminated with mycobacteria of the species M. phlei was only 65% at the treatment for 3 h. There was no bacteriostatic effect for plasma chemical treatment at any exposure. When studying the fungicidal (fungistatic) properties of ozone treatment for aqueous solution contaminated with a test culture of Aspergillus flavus, fungicidal properties were established (growth retardation by 95…98%). No fungicidal or fungistatic properties were shown for plasma chemical treatment.
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