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The influence of the products of plasma chemical reactions (including ozone) on the storage of vegetables and fruits has been investigated. It has been shown that the products of plasma chemical reactions effectively suppress the growth of mold. For a number of vegetables and fruits, surface modification occurs, which leads to the loss of the "marketable" appearance. At the same time, the ripening rate of many products decreases.
Purpose. The purpose of this investigation is to study the changes in the redox potential and pH-value of the tap water as a function of underwater spark discharges, storage device capacitance and the charging voltage. Methodology. To define the electric parameters of discharge circuit we used the Rogowski loop and the compensated capacitance-ohm potential divider. To determine water properties before and after the treatment we used the following devices: the water analyzer Anion -7051 with the limit of absolute error of the EMF measurement ± 2 mV, the BANTE 902 device with the absolute error of ± 0.002 рН. Results. We managed to establish the time of the origination of changes in the properties of treated water. A change in the positive redox potential to a negative one occurred already after the third pulse at a total energy input of ≥ 1 kJ. The pH value increased in the range of 0.2 -0.45 рН units. We obtained the relationship of a change in the redox potential as a function of total energy of the pulse train that actually exhibits the linear relation to the mass of erosion products. We established that the electrodes made of stainless steel and the electrodes made of graphite provide similar changes in water properties. An increase in pH is indicative of the progress of reactions that result in the formation of ОН⎯. Originality. The obtained experimental data prove a rapid and reliable change in the redox potential from positive to negative changes in the redox potential exponent can persist during ten days and even longer. The erosion products of electrodes can be removed from the treated water using the method of magnetic separation. Practical value. The «HYDRA» plant can be used as the electrochemical ideal mixing reactor of a discrete action with the removal of erosion products of the electrode using the method of magnetic separation. References 10, tables 5, figures 13. Key words: underwater spark discharge, electrodes material, water properties, redox potential, pH -value.Представлены результаты экспериментального исследования изменения физико-химических свойств водопроводной воды под воздействием мощных подводных искровых разрядов атмосферного давления. Выявлена зависимость изменения окислительно-восстановительного потенциала и рН обрабатываемой воды от параметров импульсов, задаваемых параметрами электрической разрядной цепи, и их количеством. Исследования проведены на разрядных электродах, изготовленных из материалов двух типов: нержавеющая сталь и графит. Библ. 10, табл. 5, рис. 13. Ключевые слова: подводный искровой разряд, материал электродов, свойства воды, окислительно-восстановительный потенциал, водородный показатель рН.
The efficiency of ethylene impurities decomposition in barrierless plasma-chemical system during artificial injection into the air of a sea container has been studied. The experimental study was performed at the air temperature 5oC in container volume 65 m3. The initial level of ozone in the air was 100 ppb. This concentration is below concentration which audible to humans. It has been established that the use of a carbon filter after a plasma chemical system allows to maintain the ozone content in the air at an acceptable level (in terms of human health and food storage). During 24 hours the ethylene concentration increases until an equilibrium concentration is reached. After the plasma chemical rector was switched on, the ethylene concentration in the container began to decrease due to decomposition in the low-temperature plasma and interaction with ozone until new equilibrium concentration was reached. The ozone concentration after plasma chemical reactor was switched to begin increased. After 1 hour, the new minimum equilibrium ethylene and ozone concentration was established. The decrease in concentration occurred exponentially and reached a new equilibrium concentration above zero, which is consistent with the theory. The increase in ozone concentration occurs by about 20-25%. It has been shown that using plasma chemical system based on barrierless plasma chemical reactors can reduce the ethylene concentration by up to 10 times, even for low concentrations of ethylene in the air.
The efficiency of ozone generation for barrierless plasma chemical reactors with different cathode designs was compared. The characteristics of ozone generation for a plasma chemical reactor with a string-type cathode in comparison with the previously developed star-shaped cathode for different combinations of bias and pulsed components of voltage have been investigated. The special feature of the operation of a plasma-chemical reactor with a string cathode is revealed. There is consisting in the absence of dependence of the transition of the discharge combustion mode into the spark breakdown phase from the presence of a bias voltage.
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