Corporation (OCF) for supporting the pilot-scale evaluation of the catalytic fabric filter concept. Also, the EERC would like to thank Raytheon Engineers & Constructors (RE&C) for their efforts in the completion of Task 4, Conceptual Design and Economic Evaluation, and their overall project technical support. The EERC Project Manager would like to specifically thank Ms. Felixa Eskey (DOE-PETC), Mr. Jack Pirkey (Con Edison), Dr. Aubrey Messing (ESEERCO), Ms. Debra DiMeo (ESEERCO), Dr. Patrick Aubourg (OCF), Ms. Marie Kalinowski (OCF), and Mr. Russ Potter (OCF) for their support and input concerning the catalytic fabric filter evaluation effort. Also, the efforts of Mr. Tony Taladay (RE&C) and Mr. Cameron E. Martin (RE&C) are gratefully acknowledged for their completion of Task 4 and overall project support. The EERC Project Manager, Mr. Greg Weber, would like to thank Mr. Grant Dunham, Mr. Dennis Laudal, Ms. Sumitra Ness, and Mr. Grant Schelkoph for their efforts in completing the various project tasks and contributing to the preparation of this final project report. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the efforts of a large number of EERC support staff who were instrumental in the completion of the experimental work as well as in the preparation of this final project report. Special recognition is due Mr. LeRoy Sbndrol for making the University of North Dakota (UND) steam plant available in support of Subtask 3.4-Fabric Durability Testing/Pulse-Jet System and Mr. Ray Tozer Jr. and the UND steam plant personnel for providing assistance with the day-today monitoring of the baghouse slipstream system operation. TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES iii
The overall objective of this program was to develop a liquid desiccant-based flue gas dehydration process technology to reduce water consumption in coal-fired power plants. The specific objective of the program was to generate sufficient subscale test data and conceptual commercial power plant evaluations to assess process feasibility and merits for commercialization. Currently, coal-fired power plants require access to water sources outside the power plant for several aspects of their operation in addition to steam cycle condensation and process cooling needs. At the present time, there is no practiced method of extracting the usually abundant water found in the power plant stack gas. This project demonstrated the feasibility and merits of a liquid desiccant-based process that can efficiently and economically remove water vapor from the flue gas of fossil fuel-fired power plants to be recycled for in-plant use or exported for clean water conservation. Af'ter an extensive literature review, a survey of the available physical and chemical property information on desiccants in conjunction with a weighting scheme developed for this application, three desiccants were selected and tested in a bench-scale system at the Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC). System performance at the bench scale aided in determining which desiccant was best suited for further evaluation. The results of the bench-scale tests along with further review of the available property data for each of the desiccants resulted in the selection of calcium chloride as the desiccant for testing at the pilot-scale level. Two weeks of testing utilizing natural gas in Test Series I and coal in Test Series J J for production of flue gas was conducted with the liquid desiccant dehumidification system (LDDS) designed and built for t h s study. In general, it was found the LDDS operated well and could be placed in an automode in which the process would operate with no operator intervention or adjustment.Water produced from this process should require little processing for use, depending on the end application. Test Series II water quality was not as good as that obtained in Test Series I; however, this was believed to be due to a system upset that contaminated the product water system during Test Series II. The amount of water that can be recovered from flue gas with the LDDS is a function of several variables, including desiccant temperature, WG in the absorber, flash drum pressure, liquid-gas contact method, and desiccant concentration. Corrosion will be an issue with the use of calcium chloride as expected but can be largely mitigated through proper material selection. Integration of the LDDS with either low-grade waste heat and or ground-source heating and cooling can affect the parasitic power draw the LDDS will have on a power plant. Depending on the amount of water to be removed from the flue gas, the system can be designed with no parasitic power draw on the power plant other than pumping loads. T h s can be accomplished in one scen...
Combustion processes are being employed for many years, and remains a major source of energy for industrial operations through the conversion of chemical energy in thermal energy, besides being usually accompanied by formation of pollutants. This work presents a numerical investigation using the software Ansys CFX to model the process of combustion of pulverized coal injected into a blast furnace for production of pig iron making a comparison between WSGG and GG spectral models for gas radiation aim to verify the influence on the radiation heat transfer and the temperature field. Since global coal reserves are being constantly reduced, new techniques using coal are being studied. Among some effective techniques, there is the injection of pulverized coal through a tuyere installed at the bottom of the blast furnace. Thus, among the objectives of this work is to obtain information about the pulverized coal burning process injected. Firstly, it will be employed a North American coal as a base case in order to better understand the involved phenomena. Simulations were made using the actual operating conditions of a blast furnace, which uses atmospheric air enriched with oxygen for burning the coal. The same boundary conditions and operation of other investigations were considered in order to validate the model developed for this work, and so that it can be applied in similar situations, either in assessments or in projects of coal injection systems and combustion in blast furnaces. The results include temperature and velocity fields, oxygen concentration, and the formation of CO and CO2 and they are in agreement with data from literature. Comparing the results of this study with the results obtained in the work (Gu et al., 2010) It observed a qualitative similarity between them and also quantitative. Furthermore, it was found that, in this case, modeling the absorption spectrum of the combustion gases resulting in changes in flame form, but did not significantly alter the magnitude of temperatures, since the walls of the equipment are considered adiabatic.
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