Review of advances in combustion technology and biomass cofiring

Sondreal, E.A.; Benson, Steven A.; Hurley, John P.; Mann, Michael D.; Pavlish, John H.; Swanson, Michael; Weber, G.F.; Zygarlicke, Christopher J.

doi:10.1016/s0378-3820(01)00134-5

Cited by 80 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Under these hightemperature and high-pressure conditions, the dynamics of coal particles change significantly. As mentioned by Sondreal et al, (2001) high temperatures are needed for most advanced combustion technologies, including those using co-firing biomass with fossil fuels, to improve the thermodynamic efficiencies, which in turn raises problems associated with high temperature such as corrosion and deposition by coal ash and slag.…”

Section: Co-firing and Other Uses Of Slagsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Brief Review of Viscosity Models for Slag in Coal Gasification

Massoudi¹,

Wang²

2011

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Section: Co-firing and Other Uses Of Slagsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Brief Review of Viscosity Models for Slag in Coal Gasification

Massoudi¹,

Wang²

2011

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“…Under these high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, the dynamics of coal particles change significantly. As mentioned by Sondreal et al [27] high temperatures are needed for most advanced combustion technologies, including those using co-firing biomass with fossil fuels, to improve the thermodynamic efficiencies, which in turn raises problems associated with high temperature such as corrosion and deposition by coal ash and slag. Slagging combustors have been used in more recent MHD applications [28] in conjunction with an advanced gasifier system, known as the Multistaged Enthalpy Extraction Technology (MEET) [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slag Behavior in Gasifiers. Part II: Constitutive Modeling of Slag

Massoudi

Wang

2013

Energies

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Abstract:The viscosity of slag and the thermal conductivity of ash deposits are among two of the most important constitutive parameters that need to be studied. The accurate formulation or representations of the (transport) properties of coal present a special challenge of modeling efforts in computational fluid dynamics applications. Studies have indicated that slag viscosity must be within a certain range of temperatures for tapping and the membrane wall to be accessible, for example, between 1,300 °C and 1,500 °C, the viscosity is approximately 25 Pa·s. As the operating temperature decreases, the slag cools and solid crystals begin to form. Since slag behaves as a non-linear fluid, we discuss the constitutive modeling of slag and the important parameters that must be studied. We propose a new constitutive model, where the stress tensor not only has a yield stress part, but it also has a viscous part with a shear rate dependency of the viscosity, along with temperature and concentration dependency, while allowing for the possibility of the normal stress effects. In Part I, we reviewed, identify and discuss the key coal ash properties and the operating conditions impacting slag behavior.

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“…In the latter group, biomass combustion for power generation has reached a high degree of maturity, as evidenced from the large number of plants currently in operation worldwide (Van den Broek et al, 1996). However, the energy efficiency of this technology is limited (typically between 15-25 %, depending on plant size and design) and the operating and investment costs are high, resulting in low financial returns (Sondreal et al, 2001;Dornburg and Faaij, 2001;Caputo et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gasification of grapevine pruning waste in an entrained-flow reactor: gas products, energy efficiency and gas conditioning alternatives

Aranda

Aplicada²,

Proyectos³

et al. 2013

Global NEST Journal

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Owing to its higher efficiency and versatility, gasification is seen as a necessary evolution in the development of biomass energy systems. This technology has been primarily tested in fixed bed (updraft and downdraft) and fluidised bed reaction systems, with less information available about the potential of entrained-flow reactors. This latter design benefits from a relatively simple mechanical structure, robustness against severe gasification conditions and also reduced investment and operating costs. This paper describes the development of a pilot scale entrained-flow reactor and evaluates its performance in the gasification of wood waste left over from the pruning of grapevine (Vitis vinifera). The original biomass was initially analysed for its chemical composition and thermal behaviour. A series of gasification trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of temperature and relative biomass/air ratio (F rg ) on the yield, composition, heating value of the resulting syngas. The cold gas efficiency of the system was determined for different operating conditions from the heating value and yields of the resulting producer gas.The results showed that the use of higher temperatures caused a small increase in overall gas yields (from 1.76 Nm 3 kg -1 at 750ºC to 1.96 Nm 3 kg -1 at 1050ºC) and a notable rise in its heating value (from 3.65 MJ kg -1 at 750ºC to 4.95 MJ kg -1 at 1050ºC), primarily derived from an increase in the concentration of hydrogen. The experimental results show a reduction in the fuel properties of the producer gas when using biomass/air ratios (F rg ) below 2.5, which was attributed to the partial combustion of the producer gas. However, this effect was largely counteracted by the production of higher gas yields (3.39 Nm 3 kg -1 for F rg = 2.16 compared to 1.96 Nm 3 kg -1 for F rg = 4.05), owing to the higher conversion of the fuel at low biomass/air ratios. Optimum gasification conditions (cold gas efficiency up to 83.06 %) were reached when using high reaction temperatures (1050ºC) and low F rg (2.19). This paper also provides a final review about the formation of unwanted tars and particulates in gasification processes, its effect in energy applications, and the use of alternative technologies (thermocatalytic cracking, reforming, water-gas shift) for the conditioning and upgrading of the resulting gas stream.

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Review of advances in combustion technology and biomass cofiring

Cited by 80 publications

References 10 publications

A Brief Review of Viscosity Models for Slag in Coal Gasification

A Brief Review of Viscosity Models for Slag in Coal Gasification

Slag Behavior in Gasifiers. Part II: Constitutive Modeling of Slag

Gasification of grapevine pruning waste in an entrained-flow reactor: gas products, energy efficiency and gas conditioning alternatives

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