王林发) 186 • Guoping Wang (王国平) 85 • Yanxiang Wang (王雁翔) 85 • Yaqin Wang (王亚琴) 38 • Muhammad Waqas 187 • Tàiyún Wèi (魏太云) 188 • Shaohua Wen (温少华) 85 • Anna E. Whitfield 189 • John V. Williams 190 • Yuri I. Wolf 99 • Jiangxiang Wu (吴建祥) 38 • Lei Xu (徐雷) 138 • Hironobu Yanagisawa (栁澤広 宣) 191 • Caixia Yang (杨彩霞) 69 • Zuokun Yang (杨作坤) 85 • F. Murilo Zerbini 192 • Lifeng Zhai (翟立峰) 193 • Yong-Zhen Zhang (张永振) 220,221 • Song Zhang (张松) 34 • Jinguo Zhang (张靖国) 194 • Zhe Zhang (张哲) 85 • Xueping Zhou (周雪平) 195

Shiso (Perilla frutescens var. crispa) is widely grown as an important vegetable or herb crop in Japan. Beginning around the year 2000, occurrences of severe mosaic symptoms on shiso were documented and gradually spread across Kochi Prefecture, one of four major shiso production areas in Japan. Next generation sequencing and cloning indicated the presence of a previously unknown virus related to the members of the genus Emaravirus, for which we proposed the name Perilla mosaic virus (PerMV). The genome of PerMV consists of 10 RNA segments, each encoding a single protein in the negative-sense orientation. Of these proteins, P1, P2, P3a, P3b, P4, and P5 show amino acid sequence similarities with those of known emaraviruses, whereas no similarities were found in P6a, P6b, P6c, and P7. Characteristics of the RNA segments as well as phylogenetic analysis of P1 to P4 indicate that PerMV is a distinct and highly divergent emaravirus. Electron microscopy observations and protein analyses corresponded to presence of an emaravirus. Transmission experiments demonstrated that an eriophyid mite, Shevtchenkella sp. (family Eriophyidae), transmits PerMV with a minimum 30-min acquisition access period. Only plants belonging to the genus Perilla tested positive for PerMV, and the plant−virus−vector interactions were evaluated. The nucleotide sequences reported here are available in the DDBJ/ENA/GenBank databases under accession numbers LC496090 to LC496099.

In March 2022, following the annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratification vote on newly proposed taxa, the phylum Negarnaviricota was amended and emended. The phylum was expanded by two new families (bunyaviral Discoviridae and Tulasviridae), 41 new genera, and 98 new species. Three hundred forty-nine species were renamed and/or moved. The accidentally misspelled names of seven species were corrected. This article presents the updated taxonomy of Negarnaviricota as now accepted by the ICTV.

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The Phyto trap is an artificial microstructure that permits the easy collection of live predacious phytoseiid mites in the field. Neoseiulus californicus is a well-established indigenous phytoseiid mite in Japanese pear tree orchards in Japan. We examined whether or not the population size of N. californicus on Japanese pear trees can be estimated using Phyto traps attached to twigs in two Japanese pear orchards. The results suggest that the density of a prey mite, Tetranychus kanzawai, on leaves influenced the number of N. californicus trapped by the Phyto traps. When the density of T. kanzawai was high on the leaves, many N. californicus were observed on the leaves and the pattern of density change synchronized between T. kanzawai and N. californicus. Under this condition, no N. californicus were found in the Phyto traps. On the other hand, when the density of T. kanzawai was low on the leaves, N. californicus were found in the Phyto traps as well as on the leaves. The number of N. californicus collected by the Phyto traps also increased as the extent of leaf withering increased, and reached a peak after leaf fall was complete. This suggests that the movement of N. californicus on the pear trees during leaf-fall season can be elucidated in some detail by using the Phyto trap. The survey by the Phyto trap attached to twigs can eventually clarify the population fluctuation and movement of N. californicus on trees that are been overlooked in the investigation of the leaves alone.

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A Japanese species of tea rust mite so far regarded as Acaphylla theae (WATT) or A. steinwedeni KEIFER is described under the name A. theavagrans sp. nov.

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