This article aims to revisit and to adapt the Norman's theory of action by focusing on the design of interactive systems for disabled people. The background section demonstrates that there is a need to include all the stakeholders involved in the environment of the disabled person in the design process, constituting his or her ecosystem. Then the adaptation of the Norman's theory action, considering explicitly the ecosystem is justified; examples of the both role of the disabled people and members of his/her ecosystem are given for the seven components of Norman's model. Two cases studies are after presented to illustrate the crucial role of the ecosystem in case of assistive interactive system design. The benefits of taking into account the ecosystem in the design of interactive systems for disabled persons are discussed. The article ends with a conclusion and research perspectives.

Housing under a shared housing organisation enables frail elderly persons to live in a semi autonomous way, thanks to cooperation between residents and an assistant. The social organization of this new type of housing also has an impact on the social participation of users. This article is based on a pilot study and deals with the benefits of digital technologies and « ambient intelligence » used to answer the needs of such a way of living. The pilot study was carried out in a house shared by 6 co-tenants. The qualitative method used first consisted in a characterisation of the 6 inhabitants. This was followed by semi-structured interviews about their sensed needs, and a focus group, with 5 of the 6 cotenants, in order to gain an initial consensus about needs. This result was confronted to the demands of the assistants, collected through interviews. A usage scenario was developed in a smart home (Maison Intelligente de Blagnac). This scenario was performed by three of the inhabitants and followed by a second focus group and a narrative interview with the assistants and the designers of the shared house. This article reports the method which was carried out and the needs expressed by the co-tenants.

L'objectif de notre travail est de concevoir une nouvelle méthodologie de conception centrée utilisateur (CCU) dans le domaine de la conception de systèmes de suppléance pour des personnes polyhandicapées résidant dans des Maisons d'Accueil Spécialisée (MAS). Nous avons adopté une approche spécifique en intégrant des données cliniques interprétées des personnes en situation de polyhandicap par le personnel médico-social. C'est une nouvelle approche pour pallier leur difficulté à identifier et/ou à exprimer leurs besoins en matière d'outils de suppléance. Nous allons montrer au travers d'un cas d'étude comment ces données cliniques nous ont permis de concevoir des prototypes moyenne fidélité pour l'aide à la communication et au contrôle d'environnement. MOTS CLÉS Conception centrée utilisateur ; techniques d'interaction ; polyhandicap ; données cliniques.

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OATAO is an open access repository that collects the work of Toulouse researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. This is an author-deposited version published in : http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/ Eprints ID : 16947The contribution was presented at ICOST 2016 :http://www.icostconference.org/ Abstract. This article presents the first results about the perception of 33 elderly people about interaction tools in a digital ambient environment. The evaluation of this study is based on the filling of a short questionnaire, and interviews after a presentation of the different possible technologies and the use of a digital automated living lab, centred on a life scenario, by volunteers. The first results show a significant interest of the elderly in the voice interaction mode, in comparison with tactile interaction or switches, as well as a good opinion of the technological tools presented, in the context of a potential future use, for their health, better autonomy and well-being.

Designing assistive technologies for the benefit of a population of multi-disabled users living in specialized care homes involves the implementation of a user-centered approach (UCD). The purpose of this article is to demonstrate how the ecosystem also plays a key role in the codesign and appropriation phases of a augmentative and alternative communication (AAC), mainly in the choice and adjustment of interaction techniques through a case study. Firstly, we present related works on the codesign of assistive technologies. Then, we will describe the SoKeyTo platform used for the codesign by the human-computer interaction team. We will also explain the collaboration between the ecosystem and HCI team during tests (place of the switch and type of scanning). Usability criteria were used to determine these choices. Finally, we will illustrate our approach in the codesign and appropriation activities of layout and interaction modes of the AAC.

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