OBJECTIVE:To describe the main characteristics of victims, roads and vehicles involved in traffi c accidents and the risk factors involved in accidents resulting in death. METHODS:A non-concurrent cohort study of traffi c accidents in Fortaleza, CE, Northeastern Brazil, in the period from January 2004 to December 2008. Data from the Fortaleza Traffi c Accidents Information System, the Mortality Information System, the Hospital Information System and the State Traffi c Department Driving Licenses and Vehicle database. Deterministic and probabilistic relationship techniques were used to integrate the databases. First, descriptive analysis of data relating to people, roads, vehicles and weather was carried out. In the investigation of risk factors for death by traffi c accident, generalized linear models were used. The fi t of the model was verifi ed by likelihood ratio and ROC analysis. RESULTS:There were 118,830 accidents recorded in the period. The most common types of accidents were crashes/collisions (78.1%), running over pedestrians (11.9%), colliding with a fi xed obstacle (3.9%), and with motorcycles (18.1%). Deaths occurred in 1.4% of accidents. The factors that were independently associated with death by traffi c accident in the fi nal model were bicycles (OR = 21.2, 95%CI 16.1;27.8), running over pedestrians OR = 5.9 (95%CI 3.7;9.2), collision with a fi xed obstacle (OR = 5.7, 95%CI 3.1;10.5) and accidents involving motorcyclists (OR = 3.5, 95%CI 2.6;4.6). The main contributing factors were a single person being involved (OR = 6.6, 95%CI 4.1;10.73), presence of unskilled drivers (OR = 4.1, 95%CI 2.9;5.5) a single vehicle (OR = 3.9, 95%CI 2,3;6,4), male (OR = 2.5, 95%CI 1.9;3.3), traffi c on roads under federal jurisdiction (OR = 2.4, 95%CI 1.8;3.7), early morning hours (OR = 2.4, 95%CI 1.8;3.0), and Sundays (OR = 1.7, 95%CI 1.3;2.2), adjusted according to the log-binomial model. CONCLUSIONS:Activities promoting the prevention of traffi c accidents should primarily focus on accidents involving two-wheeled vehicles that most often involves a single person, unskilled, male, at nighttime, on weekends and on roads where they travel at higher speeds.
A epidemiologia tem focado a violência como um dos problemas da Saúde Pública. Dentre as categorias da violência encontra-se o suicídio. Este estudo descreve associações entre suicídio e aspectos sociodemográficos. Usa metodologia ecológico-transversal por meio de técnicas de correlação e regressão linear múltipla (backward). A mortalidade proporcional em relação ao total de óbitos foi o melhor desfecho para modelagem (R² = 0,41). As variáveis resultantes: porcentual da população residente com religião de origem pentecostal, porcentual de pessoas com 10 anos ou mais de idade com estado civil solteiro, média de anos de estudos, altitude para municípios da divisão político-administrativa vigente 2.000m, percentual de moradores em domicílios particulares permanentes com ausência de banheiro, percentual de pessoas com 10 anos ou mais de idade ocupadas no setor "educação" e porcentual de pessoas com 10 anos ou mais de idade com rendimento nominal de até um salário mínimo, todas estatisticamente significantes no nível de 0,05. O resultado encontrado vem reforçar a ideia da influência de fatores causais extrínsecos na determinação desse desfecho.
The findings indicate that the mortality by homicide is associated with high levels of poverty and uncontrolled urbanization, which migrates to the peripheries of urban centers.
Características dos atendimentos e satisfação das mães com a assistência prestada na atenção básica a menores de 5 anos em Fortaleza, CearáCharacteristics of consultation and mothers' satisfaction in primary care for children under 5 years of age, Fortaleza, BrazilResumo Este estudo tem por objetivo descrever aspectos relacionados às dimensões de acesso, características do atendimento e fatores associados à satisfação das mães em Fortaleza, Ceará. Estudo observacional, transversal, de base populacional, realizado em 2008. Foram incluídas famílias que tinham ao menos uma criança menor de 5 anos residindo no domicilio e que fossem usuárias do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Para as associações estatísticas utilizou-se o qui-quadrado de Pearson e quando pertinente o teste exato de Fisher. Participaram do estudo 350 famílias. A maioria dos motivos alegados para a consulta era por doença e, em maior escala, realizada por médicos; dois terços das mães referiram ter ficado satisfeitas com o ultimo atendimento recebido pela criança. Os principais fatores associados a essa satisfação foram: o profissional ter tratado a mãe/criança pelo nome, o atendimento ter ocorrido no dia em que a mãe necessitou e a sala de espera da unidade possuir entretenimento. O acesso à atenção primária foi bem avaliado, sendo considerado como um ponto positivo. A satisfação das usuá-rias está relacionada com a relação estabelecida com os profissionais de saúde, porém a organização do serviço e a infraestrutura das unidades ainda são considerados pontos frágeis. Palavras-chave Avaliação, Programa Saúde da Família, Atenção Primária à Saúde, Saúde da criança Abstract The scope of this study is to describe aspects related to the dimensions of access, the service characteristics and factors associated with satisfaction of mothers in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará. It is an observational, cross-sectional population-based study conducted in 2008 in Fortaleza, Ceará. Families with at least one child under 5 years of age living at home and who were users of the Unified Health System (SUS) were included, The Pearson chi-square test, and when appropriate the Fisher exact test, were used for the statistical associations. The study included 350 families. Most reasons given for the consultation was sickness and on a larger scale, performed by physicians; 2/3 of mothers reported having been satisfied with the last service received by the child. The main factors associated with satisfaction were: the doctors who treated the mother/child called them by name, the service was given on the day that the mother needed and the waiting room of the unit had entertainment. Access to primary care was well evaluated. The satisfaction of users is related to the relationship established with health professionals, however the organization of the service and infrastructure of the units are still considered weak points.
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