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SummaryBackground: The regeneration of cardiomyocytes after a myocardial infarction (MI) is more evident in young animals; however, it is not known whether it is associated with functional improvement.

The history of muscle biopsy dates back to 1860, when Duchenne first performed a biopsy on a patient with symptoms of myopathy (1) . Since then, the basic and clinical science of muscle and muscle disease has gone through three stages of development: the classical period, the modern stage and the molecular era.

Background: The cardiac alterations during the fetal heart transition to extrauterine life have been explored by several animal studies and the cell mechanisms responsible for these modifications are not well documented in humans.

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