Essential oils are compounds produced by secondary plant metabolites and are found in leaf trichomes, moreover, they are characteristic because they present strong odors and present biological activities. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the insecticidal action of Mesosphaerum suaveolens essential oil against nymphs of Nauphoeta cinerea as well as to characterize the chemical constituents present in it. The EO was extracted by means of hydrodistillation and its chemical characterization was done by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). For the biological assay against cockroaches, nymphs of 20 days old were selected for which they were submitted to different concentrations (50 - 1000 μg/mL oil per air) and mortality was evaluated over 48 hours of EO exposure. As a positive control, ethanol (C2H6O) was used. Have been identified 44 compounds in EO, with β-Caryophyllene (18.57%), sabinene (15.94%) and spatulenol (11.09%) being the major compounds of EO. This showed no activity against the nymphs at any of the concentrations, whereas the positive control caused mortality at all concentrations tested. Thus, the essential oil of M. suaveolens does not present insecticidal properties in low concentrations against the cockroach.
The use in folk medicine of leaves of Mesosphaerum suaveolens for the treatment of diseases of the digestive system and respiratory system, raised the hypothesis that its volatile oil has biological properties against pathogenic microorganisms. To evaluate this hypothesis, the antibacterial, antifungal activity against Candida yeast strains, which modifies the action of antibiotics and antioxidants (DPPH) was evaluated in vitro. In addition, it was determined by means of Gas Chromatography (GC-FID), the constituents present in the essential oil. The results show that M. suaveolens oil has antibacterial activity against standard and multidrug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, with a MIC of 64 and 256 μg/mL respectively, however it does not have the capacity to enhance the action of commercial antibacterials. Regarding the anti-Candida activity, it was possible to observe that there was biological action, since they presented IC50 de 18.15 µg/mL for Candida albicans URM and 40.4 for Candida tropicalis INCQS 40042. In addition, the oil was able to modulate fluconazole for all strains analyzed. As for the antioxidant action, the oil demonstrated that even in low percentages, there is an action in the reduction of free radicals (IC50> 200 µg/mL). Such activities may be related to the major constituent of the oil, the sesquiterpene β-caryophyllene (C17H28O2). Thus, M. suaveolens oil is a natural source with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties.
Objetivo: verificar quais as inovações terapêuticas no manejo da síndrome do intestino irritável. Métodos: Para abordar adequadamente o assunto em questão e responder à questão de pesquisa, decidiu-se por realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura, com caráter qualitativo. A estratégia de pesquisa será efetuada por meio de uma busca na literatura nas bases de dados Medical Publisher (PUBMED) e no Science Direct com o intuito de identificar estudos relacionados com a síndrome do intestino irritável, seu manejo terapêutico e manifestações clínicas. Após a construção das etapas, a amostra final contou com 15 publicações. Resultados: Identificaram-se quatro âmbitos de intervenção para essa condição, sendo ela a psicossocial, por meio de terapias psicológicas, como a terapia cognitivo-comportamental, hipnoterapia, terapia de relaxamento, terapia psicológica de múltiplos componentes e psicoterapia dinâmica; o farmacológico, com modulação da microbiota intestinal com os medicamentos alosetron, eluxadolina e rifaximina; o cirúrgico, com transplante da microbiota fecal e de modificações no estilo de vida dos pacientes, com boa alimentação, atividade física, dieta livre de FODMAPS. Conclusão: O tratamento da SII é feito, principalmente, por meio de mudanças de hábitos de vida, como a reeducação alimentar com ajustes na dieta evitando alimentos produtores de gases e diarreia, aumento da ingestão de fibras e do consumo de líquidos, a compreensão dos pacientes quanto à sua condição, a prática de exercícios físicos regulares que visam juntos uma melhora do trânsito intestinal, dos sintomas, como dores abdominais e o excesso de gases e fortalecimento do tônus simpático. A terapia cognitivo-comportamental e a hipnoterapia mostraram-se capazes de reduzir os sintomas do intestino irritável. Terapias físicas e comportamentais podem auxiliar na disfunção do assoalho pélvico, que é subdiagnosticada em pacientes com SII.
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