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ResumoLantana camara L., conhecida popularmente por camará, pertence à Família Verbenaceae é um arbusto infestante e ornamental, é uma espécie típica das Américas e África, nativo do Brasil e Uruguai, distribuído por todos os Estados brasileiros. Suas folhas são utilizadas popularmente no tratamento de coceiras, dor de estômago, dor de dente, reumatismo, cortes, gripe, asma, bronquite e anti-séptico. Com este trabalho objetivou-se analisar os potenciais farmacológicos de L. camara. A pesquisa foi pautada em revisão de literatura, utilizando principalmente sites de bancos de dados on-line como "Scopus", "Springerlink", "Scielo" e "Doaj".De modo geral, a espécie apresenta vários artigos publicados em periódicos da subárea "Farmacologia e Toxicologia", ficando evidente neste trabalho que a espécie em estudo apresenta várias atividades e utilidades na medicina popular. Onde todas as suas partes apresentam algum tipo de atividade, tanto biológica (antimicrobiana, fungicida, inseticida e nematicida) quanto farmacológica (antioxidante, antiinflamatório e atividade diurética). Entretanto, a espécie apresenta toxicidade nos seus frutos, sendo então não recomendados pelas indústrias farmacêuticas os derivados dessa parte da planta. Sendo assim, fica evidenciado que essa espécie apresenta uma vasta variedade de atividades, podendo ser atribuídas pela presença de triterpenóides e taninos. Palavras-chave:Camará. Uso popular. Atividadebiológica. POTENTIAL OF MEDICAL Lantana camara L. (VERBENACEAE):A REVIEW Abstrat Lantana camara L., popularly known as chamber belongs to the Verbenaceae family is a weed and ornamental shrub, is a typical species of the Americas and Africa, native of Brazil and Uruguay, distributed in all Brazilian states. Its leaves are popularly used to treat itching, stomach pain, toothache, rheumatism, cuts, flu, asthma, bronchitis and antiseptic. This study aimed to analyze the pharmacological potential of L. camara. The research was based on literature review, using mainly online database sites like "Scopus", "SpringerLink", "Scielo" and "DOAJ". In general, the species has several articles published in journals of the subarea "Pharmacology and Toxicology", being evident in this work that the species under study presents various activities and uses in folk medicine. Where all the parts have some kind of activity, both biological (antimicrobial, fungicide, insecticide and nematicide) and pharmacological (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and diuretic activity). However, the species has a toxicity in their fruit, and then not recommended by pharma derivatives that part of the plant. Thus, it is evident that this species has a wide variety of activities and can be assigned by the presence of triterpenoids and tannins.

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Infections by multiresistant microorganisms have led to a continuous investigation of substances acting as modifiers of this resistance. By following this approach, the chemical composition of the essential oil from Piper caldense leaf and its antimicrobial potential were investigated. The antimicrobial activity was determined by broth microdilution method providing values for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), IC50, and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC). The essential oil was tested as a modulator for several antibiotics, and its effect on the morphology of Candida albicans (CA) strains was also investigated. The chemical characterization revealed an oil composed mainly of sesquiterpenes. Among them are caryophyllene oxide (13.9%), spathulenol (9.1%), δ-cadinene (7.6%) and bicyclogermacrene (6.7%) with the highest concentrations. The essential oil showed very low activity against the strains of CA with the lowest values for IC50 and MFC of 1790 μg/mL and 8192 μg/mL, respectively. The essential oil modulated the activity of fluconazole against CA URM 4387 strain, which was demonstrated by the lower IC50 obtained, 2.7 μg/mL, whereas fluconazole itself presented an IC50 of 7.76 μg/mL. No modulating effect was observed in the MFC bioassays. The effect on fungal morphology was observed for both CA INCQS 40006 and URM 4387 strains. The hyphae projection was completely inhibited at 4096 μg/mL and 2048 μg/mL, respectively. Thus, the oil has potential as an adjuvant in antimicrobial formulations.

The plants produce a variety of compounds that are not directly associated with their growth and are derived from their secondary metabolisms. Such compounds can be used in the formulation of bioherbicides, in the control of weeds. Among the chemical groups that most present allelopathic actions are the phenolic compounds which are present the flavonoids. A species rich in such compounds is Guapira graciliflora, which allows hypothesizing that it may present phytotoxic action. In this way, the objective of this research was to evaluate its phytotoxic action on the germination and growth of Cenchrus echinatus and Calotropis procera. For this purpose, aqueous extracts were prepared from fruits and leaves and applied to seeds of the species mentioned above. Pre and post germinative parameters were measured. Our results show that the extracts can retard the growth of the roots of C. echinatus and C. procera in a significant way (p <0.05), however it is not able to interfere in the number of germinated seeds or germinated seeds speed. The mechanisms of action of the allelochemicals may be related to inhibition of specific PSII sites or reduction of chlorophyll content. Guapira graciliflora presents allelochemicals in the constitution of its leaves and its fruits that affect the growth of the initial structures of C. echinatus and C. procera, with potential to be used as bioherbicides in the control of these weeds.

Plants are considered a rich source of bioactive compounds and an alternative agent for insect control. Among them, representatives of the Lamiaceae family are the best known for this potential, as they produce volatile compounds with insecticidal activities, known as essential oils, as is the case with Ocimum gratissimum. In this way, the present work had as objective, to determine the chemical composition of the oil of the leaves of O. gratissimum and its potential insecticide against the cockroach Nauphoeta cinerea. For that, the essential oil was chemically characterized by means of a Gas Chromatograph coupled to a Mass Spectrometer (GC/MS). As for the insecticidal action, nymphs (20 days of age) were used and the fumigation methodology was used in concentrations ranging from 50 to 1000 μg of oil per mL of air. Mortality rates were observed every 12 hours for 1 day. The results showed that the essential oil has insecticidal properties, since it had a median lethal concentration (LC50) of 516 µg/mL. Such property may be related to the heterogeneous composition of the oil, which had 12 terpenic compounds, with 1.8 Cineole being the major compound (30.04%). Thus, the essential oil of O. gratissimum has an insecticidal activity and can be used to fight pests, as in the case of cockroaches.

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