Diabetes Mellitus (DM) can be defined as a disorder of multiple etiologies resulting from defects and ineffectiveness of insulin secreted by the pancreas causing insulin resistance. Non-drug treatment includes some strategies, such as: lifestyle change and eating habits. This study aimed to highlight through a literature review the benefits of diet therapy for patients with diabetes mellitus. This is an integrative literature review, for its construction we used the following databases: Scielo, VHL and Google academic. The study was able to show that the proper and balanced dietary treatment, with fiber-rich legume consumption, allows further improvements in glycemic control, insulin resistance, lipid profile, among others. It was also observed that individuals with healthy eating habits had a lower risk of diabetes mellitus-associated diseases when compared to patients with unhealthy eating practices.
The present study had the objective of evaluating the rest-intake index in a food and nutrition unit of a municipality of Maranhão. This is a cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach, carried out at a University Restaurant (UK) in a municipality of Maranhão. It is observed that of the 49 commensals, 18 presented% of wastage up to 3% which is the maximum allowed to be considered a good meal, 16 students had a percentage between 3.1 and 10% and 15 students had values higher than 10%. It was concluded that the percentage of rest-ingestion in the UAN exceeded the values recommended in the literature making it necessary to carry out actions with the commensals for knowledge of their food preferences, in addition to campaigns related to waste for awareness, as well as periodic training with the employees aiming at minimizing waste and improving the quality of services.
O diabetes mellitus (DM) está associado a um grupo de doenças metabólicas caracterizadas por hiperglicemia crônica, decorrente de defeitos na ação ou na secreção de insulina. O tratamento não farmacológico representa papel primordial na melhoria e controle do DM. Este tratamento engloba uma série de aspectos, tais como: mudança do estilo de vida, hábitos alimentares e prática de exercício físico. O presente estudo teve como objetivo evidenciar por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica os benefícios da pratica de exercícios físicos por indivíduos com Diabetes Mellitus. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura do tipo integrativa, para a construção da mesma utilizou-se das seguintes bases de dados: Scielo, BVS e Google acadêmico. Foi possível verificar que o incentivo para mudanças do estilo de vida, relacionado as mudanças de hábitos alimentares, prática de exercício físico, pode prevenir ou retardar o Diabetes Mellitus, melhorando o controle de glicose no sangue, complicações metabólicas, possibilitando uma melhor qualidade de vida aos indivíduos com Diabetes Mellitus.
Assessment of nutritional status, functional capacity and presence of dementia in elderly institutionalized persons of caxias-ma.Evaluación del estado nutricional, capacidad funcional y presencia de demencia en ajustes institucionalizados de cajones-ma. ABSTRACTObjectives: To evaluate the nutritional status, functional capacity and dementia presence of elderly institutionalized in Caxias-MA. Method: Cross-sectional observational study of 10 elderly residents of a long-stay institution in Caxias, Brazil, aged 60 and over, of both sexes. An application of a questionnaire administered to the elderly and caregivers working at the institution was carried out, related to the social, demographic and anthropometric measures, functional capacity, identification and classification of the stage of dementia. The data analyzes were performed in the statistical program SPSS for Windows, version 18.0. Results: It was verified that 70.0% of the volunteers were female, and that this majority had inadequate BMI, presenting a degree of thinness (60.0%). Functional and cognitive capacity analyzes, as well as research on the presence of institutionalized dementia, show that 70.0% of the interviewees had a modified dependency of 50.0% and 80.0% had mild cognitive impairment. Conclusion: There are few studies related to the subject, with little information on the relationship between nutritional assessment and functional capacity and the presence of dementia in the elderly. Therefore, there is a need for more studies on the subject in question to care of the elderly population.
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