No abstract

The systemic inflammatory response represents the core pathogenic event of sepsis, underlying clinical manifestations and laboratory findings in patients. Numerous studies have shown that CD4+CD25+ T lymphocytes, also known as regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg), participate in the development of sepsis due to their ability to suppress the immune response. The present article discusses the role of Treg lymphocytes in sepsis based on a specific search strategy (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences / Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde-LILACS, PubMed, and Scientific Electronic Library Online-SciELO) focusing on two main topics: the participation of Treg cells in inflammation and immunity as well as perspectives in the computational physiological investigation of sepsis.

Introduction: In the setting of bucomaxillo facial surgery, bone tissue is a specialized connective tissue made up of cells and a mineralized extracellular matrix. To reduce the excessive resorption observed in these pathologies, it has been studied more rigorously in pre-clinical and clinical studies to improve anti-resorptive drugs that allow for treating or preventing pathologies of bone metabolism, such as bisphosphonates (BP) and denosumab (DN) as well as some angiogenesis inhibitors, can induce osteonecrosis of the mandible (ONJ). Objective:Foi realizar uma revisão sistemática concisa a respeito da relação da ocorrência e principais abordagens da osteonecrose da mandíbula e/ou maxilar com o uso dos bifosfonatos. Methods: The present study was followed by a systematic review model (PRISMA). The search strategy was performed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The Cochrane Instrument was used to assess the risk of bias from the included studies. The present study was carried out from December 2022 to January of 2023. Results and Conclusion: A total of 108 articles were found. Initially, duplicate articles were excluded. After this process, the abstracts were evaluated and a new exclusion was performed based on the GRADE Instrument and Risk of Bias. A total of 55 articles were fully evaluated and 22 were included and discussed in this study. The American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons proposed for the first time its nomenclature "Bisphosphonates Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws". ONJ is the term used to describe bone cell death when the osteocyte becomes necrotic.  Osteonecrosis of the jaws can be considered a severe adverse effect of BP therapy. Osteonecrosis of the jaws induced by the use of antiresorptive drugs commonly occurs in the oral cavity, mainly because the bone tissue is covered and protected only by a thin layer of periosteum and epithelium. Bisphosphonates inhibit RANKL expression, as well as stimulate OPG production by bone marrow cells and osteoblasts, inhibiting the RANK-RANKL interaction. These synergistic actions lead to a decrease in the recruitment of osteoclasts and, consequently, to a reduction in bone resorption.

Introduction: The maxillary sinus floor elevation procedure should be performed based on the cellular and molecular process of osseointegration. In this sense, when grafting procedures are necessary, the success and predictability of the results do not depend only on the biomaterial, but as well as the morphology of the bone defect. Combinations have been proposed to obtain better regenerative conditions through volume preservation (osteoconduction) and induction of cell migration differentiation (osteoinduction). The surface microstructure of Bio Oss® supports the growth of osteoblasts, which are responsible for bone formation. Objective: To carry out a concise systematic review of the molecular and surgical processes of osseointegration for dental implants. Methods: The present study was followed by a systematic review model (PRSMA). The search strategy was performed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The Cochrane Instrument was used to assess the risk of bias from the included studies. Results and Conclusion: In line with the objective of this study, it was observed that the understanding of bone bioengineering, understanding the entire bioprocess of bone formation through the main cells (mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts) and molecules (BMPs, PRP, PRF, cytokines and growth factors), can promote the use of biomaterials and epithelial barriers that help in the treatment as an adjuvant to bone grafting-techniques, favoring greater predictability in alveolar and peri-implant reconstructions and with a good prognosis.