Predicting the Occurrence of Sepsis by In Silico Simulation

Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in Sepsis: Immunological Studies and In Silico Investigation

“…Simulations of the immune system have been used in the study of certain clinical situations in order to better understand the pathophysiological aspects of disease in humans [15][16]. In this sense the use of multi-agent systems is interesting, in which cells of the organism, their products (e.g., cytokines, antibodies, etc.)…”

“…In this sense the use of multi-agent systems is interesting, in which cells of the organism, their products (e.g., cytokines, antibodies, etc.) and the antigens can be implemented as independent agents that interact amongst themselves, following a specific set of rules for each of these agents, for different contexts [15,17].…”

“…In this way, the cells of the immune system, the antibodies, and the etiologic agentsbacteria, protozoa, and viruses -are implemented as agents, which, in turn are simulated in an environment where they interact over time in accordance with previously defined rules, based on the behavior of these same components in a living organism, in accordance with the literature [15][16].…”

“…The anti-inflammatory cytokines include: (1) CK2: a group of antiinflammatory substances present in adaptive immune responses; representing the substances TGF-β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-13; (2) MK2: a group of anti-inflammatory substances present in innate immune responses; representing the substances IL-10, CCL1, CCL17, CCL22, CCL11, CCL24, and CCL26 [15,38,39,40].…”

“…Furthermore, in silico experiments may provide important result in the elaboration and validation of new hypotheses, which, in conjunction with other analysis, such as those involving proteomics and transcriptomics, may provide important tools for understanding the mechanisms related to sepsis [15].…”