In the modern society, the problem of the treatment of natural and wastewater resources and their management, is becoming very important. Of particular interest is the definition of adequate and sophisticated procedures for the treatment of natural and wastewater resources, regardless of whether the source of pollution is of geogenic or anthropogenic origin. Sustainable development of separation processes has recently been increasingly imposed by the need to develop modern, non-conventional bioseparation processes for the elimination of toxic metals from wastewater, by applying low cost unconventional sorbents. The purpose of this paper is to remove Mn (II) ions from aqueous solutions by applying a natural adsorbent (grape branches - agricultural waste). To accomplish the established goal, the experiments were carried out with model solutions with known initial concentrations of Mn(II) ions in a laboratory batch reactor, with the purpose of studying the effect of adsorption time on adsorbate concentration and on the adsorbed amount of Mn(II) ions. The raw material was characterized in terms of its chemical composition and particle size distribution. The obtained results were applied to model the adsorption equilibrium using several adsorption isotherms such as Langmuir, Freundlich, Langmuir-Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson, using the MATLAB/Curve fitting toolbox software package.
The availability of clean water is a challenge around the world. In recent decades, environmental pollution through the excessive discharge of organic and inorganic water in water contributes to large quantities of wastewater. These halts are a major threat to the surrounding ecosystem and human health if they are not treated before being discharged into the environment. Therefore, there is an increasing attraction for the development and improvement of more accessible methods for wastewater treatment. Today, the adsorption, as a method for purifying the waters from pollutants, is paid great attention because it represents a simple, efficient and economical method, which gives the opportunity to apply a large number of natural and synthetic adsorbents. In the group of natural adsorbents that are used to remove water from the water systems, there are more materials, such as: inorganic materials, activated carbon based on biomass, agricultural solid waste, biosorbents and microbial biomass.
Within this paper, investigations were carried out in order to obtain data for determining the maximum absorption capacity and the conditions in which the balance in the systems occurs: Mn2+ ions - expanded perlite and Mn2 + ions - carbonized sunflower husks. A series of tests were performed using model solutions of Mn2+ ions with different concentrations.Experimental data obtained by the equilibrium absorption of the systems: Mn2+ ions - expanded perlite and Mn2+ ions - carbonized sunflower husks are fitted with four commonly used isotherms: Langmuir, Freundlich, Langmuir – Freundlich and Redlich – Peterson, with the application of MATLAB/Curve Fitting Toolbox. The obtained results from analyzes are shown graphically and tabular, after which a comparison of the adsorption characteristics of the two adsorbents is performed.
Zeolites are nano-porous crystalline aluminosilicates. Natural zeolites are non-toxic and safe for humans which expand their application in different fields. Clinoptilolite is the most abundant natural zeolite with high purity that occurs in many parts of the world. It has a frame structure in which the tetrahedra of silicon [SiO4/2] and aluminium [AlO4/2]- are interconnected with oxygen bridge. Cations like K+, Na+ and Ca2+ and water are located in its pores and large cavities. Zeolites have high ion exchange capacity, selective adsorption capacity and thermal and mechanical stability.In this paper, the characterization of the natural zeolite - clinoptilolite from Bulgaria is performed. The investigated clinoptilolite was characterized in terms of its chemical composition, particle size distribution, structural morphology (SEM, XRD, FTIR) and thermal analysis. The chemical analysis show that clinoptilolite contains 69.7% of SiO2 and 11.4% of Al2O3. As specific surface area is the most important characteristic of the materials when used as adsorbents (the most common application of the zeolite) the specific surface area of clinoptilolite was obtained from data of equilibrium adsorption of water vapor at 25oC and using the BET method with nitrogen. To enhance its adsorptive properties clinoptilolite was modified (mechanically activated) and its specific surface area was also determined.
In this article the possibility of removal of Mn (II)-ions from aqueous solutions with the use of grape branches as an adsorbent was investigated. For the realization of the set goal during the experimental investigations, the influence of the following operating parameters was examined: the initial concentration of Mn (II) ions in the solution (100-500 μg/dm3), the adsorption time (1-180 min) and the quantity of adsorbent (0.2-1 g), on the effect of the removal of Mn (II) ions and the adsorption capacity of the grape branches as an bisorbent. Experimental researches were carried out in batch laboratory conditions at room temperature (25 oC) and continuous mixing by magnetic stirrer at 600 rpm. Based on the obtained results, the equilibrium of the examined system Mn (II) - grape branches was analyzed, using the Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson isotherms. By applying the MATLAB/Curve fitting Toolbox software, the equilibrium parameters for all applied adsorption systems are determined. The modeling of the kinetics of the process of removal of Mn (II) ions shown that the kinetic of the investigated system was defined by model of the pseudo-II order reaction.
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