Abstract:The novel trends in green separation processes impose the need for application of natural, low-cast and high-effi ciency selective adsorbents, such as natural zeolite, within the processes for the treatment of drinking water supplies. Lately, nano-porous inorganic sorbents represent an ongoing trend for elimination of heavy metals from water resources. In the frame of this work, the nanoporous material, clinoptilolite,was applied for removal of Ni(II) ions fr om water resource. The experimental results were obtained in a laboratory scale batch glass reactor with continuous stirring at 400 rpm. The effects of the mass of the nano-porous adsorbent and the initial pH of the solution were studied to optimize the conditions for maximal removal of Ni(II) ions. MATLAB/Curve Fitting Toolboxwas implemented to determine the adequate adsorption isotherm as well as to optimize the equilibrium state of the investigated system.
The availability of clean water is a challenge around the world. In recent decades, environmental pollution through the excessive discharge of organic and inorganic water in water contributes to large quantities of wastewater. These halts are a major threat to the surrounding ecosystem and human health if they are not treated before being discharged into the environment. Therefore, there is an increasing attraction for the development and improvement of more accessible methods for wastewater treatment. Today, the adsorption, as a method for purifying the waters from pollutants, is paid great attention because it represents a simple, efficient and economical method, which gives the opportunity to apply a large number of natural and synthetic adsorbents. In the group of natural adsorbents that are used to remove water from the water systems, there are more materials, such as: inorganic materials, activated carbon based on biomass, agricultural solid waste, biosorbents and microbial biomass.
Zeolites are nano-porous crystalline aluminosilicates. Natural zeolites are non-toxic and safe for humans which expand their application in different fields. Clinoptilolite is the most abundant natural zeolite with high purity that occurs in many parts of the world. It has a frame structure in which the tetrahedra of silicon [SiO4/2] and aluminium [AlO4/2]- are interconnected with oxygen bridge. Cations like K+, Na+ and Ca2+ and water are located in its pores and large cavities. Zeolites have high ion exchange capacity, selective adsorption capacity and thermal and mechanical stability.In this paper, the characterization of the natural zeolite - clinoptilolite from Bulgaria is performed. The investigated clinoptilolite was characterized in terms of its chemical composition, particle size distribution, structural morphology (SEM, XRD, FTIR) and thermal analysis. The chemical analysis show that clinoptilolite contains 69.7% of SiO2 and 11.4% of Al2O3. As specific surface area is the most important characteristic of the materials when used as adsorbents (the most common application of the zeolite) the specific surface area of clinoptilolite was obtained from data of equilibrium adsorption of water vapor at 25oC and using the BET method with nitrogen. To enhance its adsorptive properties clinoptilolite was modified (mechanically activated) and its specific surface area was also determined.
In this article the possibility of removal of Mn (II)-ions from aqueous solutions with the use of grape branches as an adsorbent was investigated. For the realization of the set goal during the experimental investigations, the influence of the following operating parameters was examined: the initial concentration of Mn (II) ions in the solution (100-500 μg/dm3), the adsorption time (1-180 min) and the quantity of adsorbent (0.2-1 g), on the effect of the removal of Mn (II) ions and the adsorption capacity of the grape branches as an bisorbent. Experimental researches were carried out in batch laboratory conditions at room temperature (25 oC) and continuous mixing by magnetic stirrer at 600 rpm. Based on the obtained results, the equilibrium of the examined system Mn (II) - grape branches was analyzed, using the Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson isotherms. By applying the MATLAB/Curve fitting Toolbox software, the equilibrium parameters for all applied adsorption systems are determined. The modeling of the kinetics of the process of removal of Mn (II) ions shown that the kinetic of the investigated system was defined by model of the pseudo-II order reaction.
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