ASDH is associated with high mortality. GCS score and the thickness of the ASDH are important predictors of mortality. Age, additional trauma, and interval between trauma and hospital admission are major predictive factors for mortality.

Younger children tend to harbor larger CMs and present with hemorrhage more frequently than older ones. Microsurgical resection should be the treatment of choice in symptomatic and accessible CMs.

There is a paucity of information in the literature about agespecific histopathological and molecular biology. This is also true for prognostic factors and therapeutic strategies regarding pediatric glioblastoma. The current understanding is therefore majorly based on adult data.The incidence and spectrum of pediatric CNS tumors have been addressed in several studies in the literature. Despite geographical differences, the incidence of glioblastoma was updated to 7-12 % of all pediatric brain tumors (12,30). (8,21). This predominance is responsible for the general perception regarding GBM as a "tumor of the elderly". Indeed, pediatric cases are rare, accounting for 3-6 % of all glioblastomas. The incidence may be responsible for the underestimation of this devastating pathology in childhood.AIM: Pediatric glioblastoma (GBM) is still a topic obscurity. The aim of this study was to explore clinical, radiological and pathological features, and prognostic factors affecting the outcomes. MATERIAL and METhODS:We retrospectively reviewed our database for prognostic factors for 42 consecutive pediatric patients with histologically proven GBM treated in our hospital. RESuLTS:The study reached at 20 boys and 22 girls, with a mean age of 10.2 years. Almost all patients (97.6%) had supratentorial tumors; lobar/hemispheric (68.3%), thalamic (26.8%) and suprasellar-hypothalamic region (4.8%). Total of 11/42 children had seeding metastases (mean 11.5 months) either preoperatively or postoperatively. Gross total resection (GTR) was achieved in 13 patients (30.9%) in the first surgery. Perioperative mortality and morbidity rates were 4.7% and 19%, respectively. Patients were followed for an average of 18.1 months. The median progression-free and overall survivals were 7.0 (95% CI: 5.9-8.0) and 11.0 (95% CI: 8.9-13.1) months, respectively. 1-year, 2-year and 5-year progression-free survival and overall survivals were 30.9% vs. 50.0%, 11.9% vs. 19.0%, 4.8% vs. 9.5%; respectively.COnCLuSIOn: Gross total resection should be safely attempted in pediatric GBM. In addition, a thorough and frequent radiological evaluation of the entire neuraxis for seeding metastases is recommended both at diagnosis and follow-ups.

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AIM:To share a single center experience with 27 atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) cases, and to determine the effect of gross total tumor resection and other clinical characteristics on the overall survival rate of AT/RT. MATERIAL and METHODS:We included 27 patients-with a histopathologically confirmed primary intracranial childhood AT/ RT-who were operated in our clinic between January 2000 and December 2017. Age, sex, tumor location, disseminated disease, the presence of hydrocephalus, symptom duration till diagnosis, the extent of resection, and adjuvant radiotherapy were evaluated for their influence on overall survival. RESULTS:Median age at diagnosis for 27 patients was 19.1 months (7.2 months-5 years). Gross total resection was possible in 13 (48.72%) patients. Except for three patients who died of perioperative complications, all patients received chemotherapy and 11 received radiotherapy. In univariate analysis, male sex, older age at diagnosis (≥24 months), gross total resection, and radiotherapy were associated with overall longer survival; however, radiotherapy remained the only significant parameter in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION:AT/RT is a rare and dreadful brain tumor that has low survival rates despite contemporary treatment. Radiotherapy seems to prolong survival; however, large-scale studies are needed to establish prognostic factors.

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Our results showed that the administration of mycophenolate mofetil on traumatic spinal cord injury decreases apoptosis and improves neurologic recovery.

Clival chordomas are challenging tumors in neurosurgical practice. A multidisciplinary approach is warranted in each patient. Today, the best management strategy seems to be surgical resection followed by radiotherapy. Chemotherapy should be considered in selective and preference basis. Sharing institutional experiences will provide future insights in prognosis of these rare tumors. Implementing newer surgical instruments, endoscope in particular, is encouraged in management of the clival chordomas.