Getah rumput laut yang diekstraksi dengan air atau larutan alkali dari spesies tertentu dari kelas Rhodophyceae (alga merah), lazim dinamakan dengan Karaginan yang telah banyak digunakan dalam industri pangan sebagai pengental, pengemulsi, pensuspensi, dan faktor penstabil. Larutan alkali seperti KOH mempunyai dua fungsi, yaitu membantu ekstraksi polisakarida menjadi lebih sempurna dan mempercepat eliminasi 6-sulfat dari unit monomer menjadi 3,6-anhidro-D-galaktosa sehingga dapat meningkatkan mutu karaginan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh konsentrasi KOH dengan mengatur suhu konstan 90 o C, pH 8-9, dan waktu ekstraksi 0,5 jam (30 menit) terhadap mutu karaginan berdasarkan sifat fisiko-kimia. Penelitian ini menggunakan berbagai konsentrasi KOH (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%). Karaginan terbaik yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini adalah perlakuan dengan konsentrasi KOH 12%. Karakteristik fisiko-kimia yang dihasilkan dari karaginan terbaik yaitu kekuatan gel 449,51 dyne/cm 2 , viskositas 50,47 cP, titik jendal 35,88 o C dan titik leleh 25,56 o C, rendemen 45,26%, kadar air 9,23%, kadar abu 33,68%, kadar lemak 0,37%, kadar protein 0,80%, kadar serat kasar 4,12% dan kadar karbohidrat 51,81%.
Kabupaten Sumba Timur merupakan salah satu daerah dengan sumber daya perikanan yang melimpah, namun saat ini belum terdapat data jumlah konsumsi dan asupan gizi ikan masyarakat pesisir. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui profil konsumsi ikan, angka konsumsi ikan, dan status asupan gizi ikan masyarakat pesisir di Kabupaten Sumba Timur. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei—Juni 2020, di sepuluh desa dan dua kelurahan pesisir. Jumlah responden yang dilibatkan adalah 347 orang, yang dipilih menggunakan metode slovin dengan kriteria usia responden 18—60 tahun dan memiliki preferensi tentang ikan. Pengambilan data profil konsumsi ikan dilakukan dengan wawancara, sedangkan angka konsumsi ikan dan status asupan gizi ikan harian menggunakan instrumen food frequency questionnaires. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis deskriptif dan analisis regresi linier tunggal untuk mengetahui hubungan karakteristik keluarga terhadap jumlah konsumsi ikan (kg/kapita/bulan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas masyarakat pesisir berpendidikan Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) dan bermatapencaharian nelayan. Masyarakat pesisir sebanyak 56,80% mengkonsumsi ikan 2—5 kg/kapita/bulan dan 43,20% mengkonsumsi ikan > 5 kg/kapita/bulan. Angka konsumsi ikan masyarakat pesisir berdasarkan usia dan jenis kelamin adalah 45,62—48,00 kg/kapita/tahun atau setara dengan 118,37—133,45 gram/kapita/hari. Angka konsumsi ini masih rendah dibandingkan target konsumsi ikan nasional tahun 2020, yakni 56,39 kg/kapita/tahun. Kontribusi angka konsumsi ikan terhadap rata-rata status asupan gizi ikan masyarakat pesisir adalah protein 7,53 (gram/kapita/hari), lemak 1,08 (gram/kapita/hari), dan energi 107 (kkal/kapita/hari). Khusus pada status kecukupan protein ikan harian belum memenuhi standar asupan gizi hewani ikan, yakni minimal jumlah asupannya harus mencapai 18,53 gram/kapita/hari. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dilakukan strategi untuk membudayakan konsumsi ikan pada masyarakat melalui sosialisasi, edukasi, dan diversifikasi produk perikanan.Title: Fish Consumption Analysis of East Sumba Coastal CommunitiesEast Sumba Regency is one of the areas with abundant fishery resources. Currently, there is no data on fish consumption and nutritional intake in coastal communities. The purpose of the study was to find the profile of fish consumption, the number of fish consumption, and the nutritional status of fish in coastal communities in East Sumba Regency. This research was conducted in May—June 2020 in ten and two coastal villages. The number of respondents involved was 347. The number of respondents was determined using the Slovin approach with the criteria of the respondent’s age being 18—60 years and having a preference for fish. Data collection on fish consumption profiles was conducted by interview, while fish consumption figures and daily fish nutritional status used the food frequency questionnaire instrument. The research data were analyzed descriptive and single linear regression analysis to decide the relationship of family characteristics to fish consumption (kg/capita/month). The study results show that most coastal communities have a junior high school education, earning a livelihood from fishermen. Coastal communities 56.80% consume fish 2—5 kg/capita/month and 43.20% consume fish >5 kg/capita/month. The fish consumption rate of coastal communities based on age and gender is 45.62—48.00 kg/capita/year or equal to 118.37—133.45 grams/capita/day. This consumption figure is still low compared to the national fish consumption target in 2020, which is 56.39 kg/capita/year. The contribution of fish consumption figures to the average nutritional status of fish in coastal communities is protein 7.53 (grams/capita/day), fat 1.08 (grams/capita/day), and energy 107 (kcal/capita/day). In particular, the daily fish protein adequacy status does not meet the standard of fish animal nutrition intake, namely the smallest amount of intake must reach 18.53 grams/capita/day. Therefore, a strategy is needed to cultivate fish consumption in the community through socialization, education, and diversification of fisheries products.
Aims: To evaluate the effectivity of Lactobacillus plantarum BSL isolated from Indonesian sauerkraut against Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644 through in vitro and in vivo assay. Methodology and results: In vitro examination for antimicrobial activity against L. monocytogenes ATCC 7644 was performed using seven isolates of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Lactobacillus plantarum BSL demonstrated the highest activity against L. monocytogenes and studied further in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Treatment group of rats received 0.5 mL culture suspension (10 9 CFU/mL) of L. plantarum BSL and control group received 0.5 mL of 0.85% w/v NaCl daily during nine days of treatment. Both groups were infected at 3rd day with 0.5 mL of suspension of L. monocytogenes (10 9 CFU/mL). At the 2 nd (before infection), 5 th , 7 th , and 9 th day (after infection), the rats were sacrificed and the faeces, caecum, and caecum content were examined for the population of LAB and L. monocytogenes. Administration of L. plantarum BSL significantly increased the population of LAB by 1.2-1.4 log unit, while the number of L. monocytogenes was reduced by 1.8-1.9 log unit compared to control group eithr in the faeces, caecum, or caecum content. Administration of L. plantarum BSL could be able to reduce the liver and spleen damage of the experimental rats, but did not show any changes in immunoglobulin A (IgA) response in comparison with control group. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: Lactobacillus plantarum BSL was promising as probiotic candidate with health promotion to protect the gastrointestinal from infection by L. monocytogenes ATCC 7644.
Bonylip barb Osteochilus vittatus is a local fish species of significant economic value with vast potential in commercial freshwater fish culture. Traditional cultivation methods are currently employed depending on the seeds, although a low hatchery rate is assumed. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to determine the effect of dietary vitamin E on the quality of bonylip barb eggs, with the applied dosage of 0, 125, 250, and 375 mg/kg. Subsequent parameters measured include fecundity, drowned egg percentage, the chemical composition of eggs, and total energy retention. The results showed that several vitamin E doses significantly (P˂0.05) influenced these aforementioned constraints. Furthermore, the application of vitamin E at 375 mg/kg recorded the best dosage to improve egg quality. In addition, the fecundity was estimated at 23.484 grains, and sink egg percentage reached 92.66%, while protein and fat content were 21.43 mg/kg and 27.88%higher compared to the controlled sample. Therefore, It is concluded that the administration of vitamin E in the feed tends to increase egg quality of bonylip barb fish.
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