In this investigation, an oxadiazole namely 5-(4-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)phenyl)-2-mercapto-1,3,4-oxadiazole (PMO), was synthesized and explored as an inhibitor against the corrosion of mild steel in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid environment at various solution temperature 303-333 K. gravimetric, and microscopic techniques, namely, weight loss (WL), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), have been used to evaluate the inhibitive performance of the tested PMO. The results of the WL method displayed that the inhibition efficiency (%IE) was found to increase with the inhibitor concentration, while it reduced with increasing temperature. Furthermore, the WL results reveal that PMO inhibits corrosion display an IE of 95% at the highest concentration of 0.005 M. The SEM images of the mild steel surface coupon after adding PMO revealed a wide coverage of PMO molecules on the mild steel surface. Hence, the high inhibiting efficiency acquired by the tested inhibitor was explained by the strong adsorption of PMO molecules on the surface of mild steel. A protective layer has been constructed and it separating the mild steel surface from the hydrochloric acid solution, and such adsorption was found to obey Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Moreover, the thermodynamic parameters suggested that the adsorption nature of PMO molecules on the coupon surface was chemo-physisorption. Quantum chemical calculations were conducted by density functional theory (DFT) which help correlate the methodological findings with the theoretical investigations. The mechanisms of PMO molecules as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel surface in the corrosive environment was also discussed.
In this work, the effect of voltage and concentration on the properties of zinc powder (purity, morphology, and apparent density) that produced by electrodeposition process from industrial waste (galvanized steel) was studied. In Electrodeposition process, used sulfuric acid H₂SO₄ with concentration 0.2M and zinc sulphate heptahydrate ZnSO₄.7H₂O in three different concentrations (100, 75, and 50) M, The time of deposition is 10 mins, three electrodes were used, the distance between electrodes was 3cm for all experiments and the PH of solutions were 0.3, 0.4, 0.6 for three concentrations respectively. The voltages that used were (2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and11) V. First of all, the morphology of zinc powder for all experiments was dendritic. The effect of voltage on the apparent density in ranging was from 1.2 to 0.71 gm. /cm3 in 100M for voltages from 2V to 11V, it was from 0.94 to0.60 gm. /cm3 in 75M, and it was from 0.80 to 0.50 gm. /cm3 in 50M concentration. The purities increased with decrease of zinc ion concentration were (89.51, 92.78, and 95.48) for three different concentrations of same voltage 2V. The highest purity of Zn powder was 95.58 in 6V in 50M concentration.
This research involves studying the effect of some different protection methods to increase electrochemical corrosion resistance of medium carbon steel (DIN CK50) in 3.5% NaCl by applying coating with Cr and Sn, with addition of inhibitors (No3¯, PO4 , MnO4 = and SO4 = ) and application of cathodic protection by sacrificial anode using Zn anode.Evaluation of corrosion resistance after different protection methods were measuring performed by static potential test and measurement of corrosion parameters (potentional and current density) by Tafel extrapolation method. The surface of protection specimens was examined by using optical microscopes.The corrosion rate results show that using coating and inhibition methods give good results in increasing the corrosion resistance compared with the cathodic protection which gives an objective result depending on sacrificed pole.
In the study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP) were coated on carbon steel substrates via pulse laser deposition (PLD) process, in order to achieve passive layers of nanocoating. ST37-2 a type of steel is used in the manufacture of tanks that are used in oil applications, which suffers from corrosion, this will lead a large losses. Electrochemical technique (Tafel polarization completion) has been carried out for study the corrosion behavior of this steel coating type. The specimens of steel were examined in aqueous solution containing about 3.5 wt. % NaCl using polarization method, with power of hydrogen (pH) held to value 4.0, in order to evaluated the corrosion rate. ZnONP. Characteristics and topographic nanocoating by PLD technique were evaluated by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) tests. Where semi uniform nanoparticles of ZnONP were achieved with a nanoscale approximately ranging from 33-56 nm, While XRD pattern indicated the presence of ZnONP with different crystal structures. In other side the input parameters of (PLD) technique were substrate temperature, number of pulse and fluencies energy have been examined, in order to study their influence on the rate of corrosion reduction. The results indicate that number of shoots pulse has a significant effect the corrosion rate in operation of PLD technique, which is highest among the contributions of the other parameters. Enhancement about 56% is achieved of ST37-2 coated with (ZnONP) deposition, as compared with uncoated steel.
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