<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>The accuracy of fertilizer dosage for one-year-old oil palm plants is very important. The objective of the research was to determine the optimum rates of Nitrogen and Phosphorus fertilizers for young oil palm. The experiment was conducted at IPB-Cargill Teaching Farm of Oil Palm at Jonggol, from March 2013-March 2014. This study consisted of two separate experiments namely (1) Optimizing Nitrogen and (2) Optimizing Phosphorus. Both experiments used randomized block design with one factor and three replications. The treatments were five rates of nitrogen or phosphorus (0, 135, 270, 405, 540 g N per plant; 0, 135, 270, 405, 540 g P2O5 per plant). The results showed that nitrogen fertilizer rates increased height linearly at 10 month after treatment (MAT) and quadratically at 12 MAT. Stem girth, frond production and leaf area of 9th frond increased quadratically with N rates (9, 10, 12 MAT). Nitrogen fertilizer quadratically increased leaf chlorophyll content (12 MAT), but did not significantly affected leaf-N content. Phosphorus fertilizer increased palm height linearly (9, 10 MAT) and quadratically (12 MAT). Phosphorus linearly increased stem girth (12 MAT) and quadratically (9, 10 MAT). Frond production was quadratically increased with phosphorus rates (9, 10, 12 MAT). Phosphorus linearly increased leaf area of 9th frond (9 MAT) and quadratically (12 MAT). The optimum rates of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers for one year old plant was 382 g N and 331 g P2O5 per plant, respectively.</p><p>Keywords: inorganic, nutrient, optimum rates, single fertilizer</p>
ABSTRAK Penelitian bertujuan untuk mencegah dan memperkecil persaingan antara tanaman jagung fase generatif dengan gulma di lahan Balai Pelatihan Pertanian Lampung. Pengelolaan vegetasi gulma dapat dianalisis dengan mengamati jenis gulma yang tumbuh dominan pada pertanaman jagung dengan diawali inventarisasi gulma. Inventarisasi jenis gulma dominan dilakukan untuk membantu dalam menentukan tindakan pengendalian gulma yang tepat pada lahan pertanian yang dikelola. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberi informasi tentang gulma yang berasosiasi dengan tanaman jagung pada fase generatif untuk menentukan metode pengendalian gulma secara tepat dan efisien. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei (eksplorasi) dan pengumpulan data melalui kuadran dengan membuat distribusi petak sampel. Peletakan petak sampel secara sistematik ke seluruh areal dengan memperhatikan kondisi populasi gulma pada tempat penelitian, petak-petak sampel diletakan pada 5 titik yang berbeda dengan ukuran 2x 2 m. Analisis data gulma menggunakan rumus SDR (Summed Dominance Ratio). Variabel yang diamati yaitu jenis gulma, jumlah gulma dan dominansi gulma. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 24 species dari 11 famili gulma yang berasosiasi dengan tanaman jagung fase generatif di lahan Balai Pelatihan Pertanian Lampung. Hasil inventarisasi gulma diperoleh tiga jenis gulma dominan yang memiliki nilai SDR lebih tinggi dibandingkan jenis-jenis lainnya yaitu Digitaria Sanguinalis L. Scop, Richardia Scabra L., Cyperus Rotundus dengan nilai SDR berturut-turut sebesar 18,04%, 9,57%, 8,75%. Dari hasil inventarisasi gulma dominan tersebut termasuk ke dalam famili Poaceae jenis rumput rumputan. Pengendalian gulma yang tepat disarankan dengan cara mekanis yaitu dengan menggunakan alat alat pertanian melalui kegiatan pengolahan tanah, pembabatan pemangkasan, atau penggunaan mulsa. Kata Kunci: inventarisasi gulma, eksplorasi,generatif.
<p style="text-align: justify;">The objectives of the study were to evaluate seed storability and vigor to drought of rice genotypes from different ecologies and correlation among the characters. The experiments were conducted in the Seed Science and Technology Laboratory, Bogor Agricultural University from April to August 2011. Duration of rapid aging using ethanol vapour for testing seed storability were 87.6 and 155.4 minutes for upland and lowland rice seeds respectively. The rolled paper methods with Polyethylen Glycol (PEG 6000) at -2.0 bar was used for testing seed vigor to drought. Rice seed of 40 genotype consisting of 20 upland and 20 lowland were evaluated using Randomized Block Design with three replications. There were no correlation between seed storability and vigor to drought on all genotypes, and no similiarity of those characters on the best five genotypes. Genotypes with the highest storability were B12154D-MR-22-8 for upland rice and Aek Sibundong for lowland. Genotypes with the highest vigor to drought were B12165D-MR-8-1 and B12161D-MR-1-4-2 for upland rice, B12672-MR-19-2-PN-1-3 and Aek Sibundong for lowland.</p><p>Keywords : drought stress, Rapid aging</p>
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