This study explores the role of social capital in developing local community-based tourism innovation villages. Social capital, including social networks, beliefs, norms of reciprocity, and local cultural values, ​​is a vital asset in various local community development programs. Social capital will be reflected in the community's ability to work together, generate awareness and commitment, a sense of belonging, and social solidarity, and create active participation in achieving common goals. Its presence and role in society are crucial for the success of community development goals and programs, including the eco-tourism development program. This study used a qualitative approach based on a case study located in Batang Regency, Central Java, and conducted in-depth interviews with selected informants. The results show that social capital encourages the ability and capability of local communities to work together and coordinate to contribute to the sustainability of ecotourism productivity significantly. In particular, social capital impacts the readiness and knowledge of local communities on tourist villages, socio-environment, and economy. A part from the active participation of the local community in planning, implementing, and maintaining the tourism village and planning strategies to initiate community action, is an important factor in the sustainability of ecotourism management. In conclusion, several recommendations need to be proposed, including the cooperation of the local community with the Batang Regency Tourism and Culture Office. In addition to collaborating with private investors in order to develop tourism potential in Deswita Pandansari with a mutually beneficial cooperation pattern (mutual benefit). It is especially for the development of traditional arts in order to integrate local arts to support tourist destinations in Pandansari.

The relationship between university-government-industry will be able to give a significant impact in the effort of community empowerment in a region. This relationship cannot be separated from the importance of assistance done by the academia, government as framework and programs basis in refer to RPJMD (Mid-term Regional Development Plans), as well as funding from private sector through CSR for example. Road Map of empowerment which is the result of discussions and agreement between university-government-industry is necessary for the output of community development programs implemented in accordance with predetermined plans. This paper will provide a case study of collaborative nexus between academia, business private sectors, government in enhancing community development for people empowerment in Indonesia. By studying the case of community development project in Cilacap Central Java this paper seeks to portray the growing of CSR practice in developing countries. This paper argues that the strong collaboration and accordance between academia, private sector, and government are defining variable for applicable community development project. On the other hand, active role of community itself is critical for assuring community development programs able to achieve empowerment of the society.

<div><p class="Els-history-head">In the last two decades, the Australian Government has intensified the practice of securitizing migration issues. The difference is that the pre-Scott Morrison migration securitization program was more focused on handling cases of Illegal Maritime Arrivals, while the core of Scott Morrison's migration program was to reduce the pressure on the immigrant population. Through the discourse of Planning for Australia's Future Population, Scott Morrison cut the quota of permanent immigrants from 190,000 to 160,000 people. Scott Morrison also implemented immigration transfer policies and migration reforms. Therefore, this study focuses on analyzing the process of framing the issue of Australian immigrants under the leadership of Scott Morrison. This research uses securitization theory and qualitative methods, particularly process-tracing. As a result, this research found that Scott Morrison, as the securitization actor, intentionally created a speech act and convinced the public that the referent object, namely Australia's national security, was in a threatening situation due to the surge in the immigrant population. Functional actors, including parliament, media, and epistemic groups, reinforced Scott Morrison's speech acts. </p></div>

PENDAHULUANGlobalisasi menciptakan kondisi di mana hampir semua lini kehidupan saat ini menjadi saling berhubungan. Ekonomi sebagai salah satu pilar utama globalisasi mendorong lahirnya hubungan saling ketergantungan antara pelaku dan unit -unit ekonomi melalui aktifitas perdagangan dan bisnis. Aktifitas ekonomi di era globalisasi tidak lagi terkonsentrasi pada satu wilayah atau teritori tertentu, melainkan menyebar di berbagai lokasi kemudian terhubung dalam satu rantai aktifitas ekonomi global, mulai dari produksi hingga konsumsi.Dalam konteks tersebut, terdapat satu ide mendasar mengenai desentralisasi produksi, di mana tiap aktor memiliki kebebasan yang lebih besar dalam menjalankan aktifitas ekonominya dan berjalan atas dasar prinsip production governance.Pada kenyataannya, production governance yang dijalankan dalam kompleksitas perdagangan bebas global memunculkan regulasi yang tumpang tindih, menyebabkan munculnya celah-celah yang dapat dimanipulasi untuk kepentingan oknum tertentu. Terbentuknya iklim komersial dengan prospek profitabilitas tinggi tanpa didampingi