<p>The Van Brienenoordbrug consists of two steel tied arch bridges of 300m span, the east was built in 1965 and the west arch was built in 1990. They carry the A16 highway, a crucial part of the Dutch infrastructure network near the port of Rotterdam. The west arch has been suffering from fatigue in the orthotropic deck and Arup was assigned by Rijkswaterstaat (Dutch highway authority), to design a renovation for the west arch. The renovation required a solution for the orthotropic deck and strengthening of the main load carrying structure. After extensive investigation of the renovation under traffic it was concluded the total execution time of 1.5 years and the accompanying safety risks made it not the best solution. Instead Arup proposed an alternative solution in which the wish for less hindrance aligned with the sustainable goals of both Arup and Rijkswaterstaat. Arup and RHDHV work in a joint venture, the Managing Contractor, on the renovation of steel bridges for RWS.</p>
Part of the Netherlands’ busiest highway, the Van Brienenoord Bridge comprises 12 lanes of traffic split across the eastbound bridge built in the 1960 s and the western bridge built in the 1990 s. The Van Brienenoord Bridge complex consisting of two parallel 300 m span steel arch bridges, approach structures and three parallel bascule bridges over the New Meuse. The bridges carry about 230,000 vehicles daily. A strengthening and replacement strategy was developed to reduce road closures to one of the two bridges at a time and reducing this time to weeks instead of months. The strengthening consists of plate stiffeners to the main girders and arches and a new deck. Construction begins in 2025 and will extend the bridge’s useful life to another 100 years. The strengthening instead of replacing is in line with RWS’ commitment to adopting circular economy principles for their infrastructure network.
<p>The Lantau Link in Hong Kong forms part of the expressway linking Lantau Island to Tsing Yi, from which other roads lead to the urban areas of Kowloon and the rest of the New Territories. This is also part of the main route to the Hong Kong International Airport. The Lantau Link is 3.5km long and consists of Tsing Ma Bridge (suspension bridge), Kap Shui Mun Bridge (cable stayed bridge) and Ma Wan Viaduct (post-tensioned concrete viaduct). These structures carry traffic on two split deck levels. The upper deck carries 3 lanes of traffic in each direction. The lower deck carries a double-track railway line as well as two single-lane roads for emergency use or during strong wind when it is unsafe to drive on the upper deck. Due to continuing increase in road traffic on Lantau Link, it is proposed to increase the traffic carrying capacity by running traffic on the lower deck concurrently. The bridges were designed for 6 lanes of traffic and hence, an assessment to carry 8 lanes of traffic is required. To verify that opening the lower deck is possible without compromising structural safety, bridge specific live load study was carried out using WIM data and traffic data to derive the bridge specific assessment live load (BSALL) using Monte Carlo Simulation. WIM data was also used to derive fatigue load model (FLM) which represents the real truck weight and characteristics on the Lantau Link. This paper describes the derivation of BSALL and FLM and the results of the study.</p>
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