The design and scalable construction of robust ultrathin protein membranes with tunable separation properties remain a key challenge in chemistry and materials science. Here, we report a macroscopic ultrathin protein membrane with the potential for scaled-up fabrication and excellent separation efficiency. This membrane, which is formed by fast amyloid-like lysozyme aggregation at air/water interface, has a controllable thickness that can be tuned to 30–250 nm and pores with a mean size that can be tailored from 1.8 to 3.2 nm by the protein concentration. This membrane can retain > 3 nm molecules and particles while permitting the transport of small molecules at a rate that is 1~4 orders of magnitude faster than the rate of existing materials. This membrane further exhibits excellent hemodialysis performance, especially for the removal of middle-molecular-weight uremic toxins, which is 5~6 times higher in the clearance per unit area than the typical literature values reported to date.

A protein-based bilayer membrane can selectively sequester precious metal ions from leaching solutions of ores and WEEE, and exhibits an adsorption capacity for gold of 1034.4 mg g−1.

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The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202104187.A fatal weakness in flexible electronics is the mechanical fracture that occurs during repetitive fatigue deformation; thus, controlling the crack development of the conductive layer is of prime importance and has remained a great challenge until now. Herein, this issue is tackled by utilizing an amyloid/ polysaccharide molecular composite as an interfacial binder. Sodium alginate (SA) can take part in amyloid-like aggregation of the lysozyme, leading to the facile synthesis of a 2D protein/saccharide hybrid nanofilm over an ultralarge area (e.g., >400 cm 2 ). The introduction of SA into amyloid-like aggregates significantly enhances the mechanical strength of the hybrid nanofilm, which, with the help of amyloid-mediated interfacial adhesion, effectively diminishes the microcracks in the hybrid nanofilm coating after repetitive bending or stretching. The microcrack-free hybrid nanofilm then shows high interfacial activity to induce electroless deposition of metal in a Kelvin model on a substrate, which noticeably suppresses the formation of microcracks and consequent conductivity loss during the bending and stretching of the metal-coated flexible substrates. This work underlines the significance of amyloid/polysaccharide nanocomposites in the design of interfacial binders for reliable flexible electronic devices and represents an important contribution to mimicking amyloid and polysaccharide-based adhesive cements created by organisms.

Ap romising route to the synthesis of proteinmimetic materials that are capable of strong mechanics and complex functions is provided by intermolecular b-sheet stacking. An understanding of the assembly mechanism on bsheet stackinga tm olecular-level and the related influencing factors determine the potential to design polymorphs of such biomaterials towards broad applications.Herein, we quantitatively reveal the air/water interface (AWI) parameters regulating the transformation from crowding amorphous aggregates to ordered phase and show that the polymorph diversity of bsheet stacking is regulated by the chain relaxation-crystallization mechanism. An amorphous macroscale amyloid-like nanofilm is formed at the AWI, in which unfolded protein chains are aligned in as hort-range manner to form randomly packed b-sheets.The subsequent biopolymer chain relaxationcrystallization to form nanocrystals is further triggered by removing the limitations of energy and space at the AWI.

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Abstact Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) provides a new method for the imaging of small‐animals with high‐contrast and deep‐penetration. However, the established PAM systems have suffered from a limited field‐of‐view or imaging speed, which are difficult to both monitor wide‐field activity of organ and record real‐time change of local tissue. Here, we reported a dual‐raster‐scanned photoacoustic microscope (DRS‐PAM) that integrates a two‐dimensional motorized translation stage for large field‐of‐view imaging and a two‐axis fast galvanometer scanner for real‐time imaging. The DRS‐PAM provides a flexible transition from wide‐field monitoring the vasculature of organs to real‐time imaging of local dynamics. To test the performance of DRS‐PAM, clear characterization of angiogenesis and functional detail was illustrated, hemodynamic activities of vasculature in cerebral cortex of a mouse were investigated. Furthermore, response of tumor to treatment were successfully monitored during treatment. The experimental results demonstrate the DRS‐PAM holds the great potential for biomedical research of basic biology.

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