<pre><span lang="EN-US">The Gharb area upstream of the Merja Zerga lagoon, also called the Ramsar Wetland, is a vital area with high agricultural activities, which increase the risk of contamination and pollution of air, water and soil, as well as endanger the ecological system of the area. The first survey has targeted 100 farm wells and has covered a surface of 555 ha, and the second one has targeted 71 pesticide resellers, have revealed the great uses of pesticides (13.6 kg/ha). The data collected is helping to evaluate, by using the indicator called the Treatment Frequency Indicator (TFI), the pressure of pesticides on the environment. As a methodology, we have adopted the calculation of a pressure indicator for the use of TFI pesticides using a platform called OLYMPE, by dividing the dose applied by the user over the recommended or prescribed dose on the product, the input data is collected during field surveys. The results of the survey show that the banana is the crop that undergoes the phytosanitary treatment, registering a TFI of 38. In term of the total consumption of pesticides identified, the orange tree comes at the first place ahead of other crops practised in the study area.</span></pre>
In the last decade, the use of Fly ash as replacement to improve the strength and performance of the cement has become a part of mortar and concrete manufacturing. When the used amount of fly ash ranges from 20 to 25%, the proprieties of concrete and mortars such as strength and durability are improved, which also reduce the Portland cement consumption and its impact on environment. For some special applications the High-Volume Fly Ash (HVFA) (up to 50%) is recommended, but the use of HVFA is still limited because of the low early age strength. The aim of this study is to overcome the constraints caused by the use of the High-Volume Fly Ash, by upgrading the mortar using grinding to reduce the particle size, and by the application of an upsetting force to modify the behavior of swelling and to modify the crystal structure of ettringite in order to increase the early age strength of the mortar. The results show an increase in the rupture resistance at 7 days and 28 days by 60% and 30% respectively. Which will make the use of HVFA mortar possible in construction industry and therefore reduce more CO2 emissions from the cement production. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091731 Full Text: PDF
The Nitric pollution in the groundwater of the Tadla plain increases the risk of degrading the quality of water resources and creates a risk to human health and the environment. This study aims to establish the state of pollution of the groundwater by nitrates in Béni Aamir and Béni Moussa aquifers, to follow its temporal evolution and to map its spatial distribution using Surfer software. To assess the contamination of well water by nitric pollution, 200 samples were collected in four seasonal campaigns between March 2017 and May 2018, with a rate of 43 samples taken per season. The spatial distribution of nitrates in the groundwater shows that the majority of the catchment points reached by this pollution are located in agricultural areas. Additionally, there was a range of 160.15 mg/L (4.65-164.5 mg/L). The temporal distribution of nitrate in the groundwater of Béni Aamir and Béni Moussa shows an increase in response to the agricultural intensification in this region, and a variation depending on the period of withdrawal. Including the increase in the quality degradation in all wells, from 1% in campaign N°01 to 7.06% in campaign N°02 and to 5.7% in campaign N°03, and to 0% as very bad quality in campaign N°04. The fact that the campaign N°02 has been carried out during the agricultural season, proves the link between the Nitrate pollution and chemical products uses during this period. Therefore, the impact of chemical products uses on the groundwater quality in this region.
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