Dental professionals are predisposed to a number of occupational hazards. These include exposure to infections (including Human Immunodeficiency Virus and viral hepatitis); percutaneous exposure incidents, dental materials, radiation, and noise; musculoskeletal disorders; psychological problems and dermatitis; respiratory disorders; and eye insults. Percutaneous exposure incidents remain a main concern, as exposure to serious infectious agents is a virtual risk. Minimizing percutaneous exposure incidents and their consequences should continue to be considered, including sound infection control practices, continuing education, and hepatitis B vaccination. Basically, for any infection control strategies, dentists should be aware of individual protective measures and appropriate sterilization or other high-level disinfection utilities. Strained posture at work disturbs the musculoskeletal alignment and leads to stooped spine. The stooped posture also involved certain groups of muscles and joints. This may lead to diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Continuous educating and appropriate intervention studies are needed to reduce the complication of these hazards. So, it is important for dentists to remain constantly up-to-date about measures on how to deal with newer strategies and dental materials, and implicates the need for special medical care for this professional group.

Objective: Although computer technologies are now widely used in medicine, little is known about its use among medical students in Iran. The aim of this study was to determine the competence and access to computer and internet among the medical students. Methods: In this descriptive study, medical students of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran from the fifth years were asked to answer a questionnaire during a time-tabled lecture slot. The chi-square test was used to compare the frequency of computer and internet use between the two genders, and the level of statistical significance for all test was set at 0.05. Results: All the students have a personal computer and internet access. There were no statistically significant differences between men and women for the computer and internet access, use wireless device to access internet, having laptop and e-mail address and the difficulties encountered using internet. The main reason for less utilization of internet was slow speed of data transfer. Conclusions: Because of the wide range of computer skills and internet information among medical students in our institution, a single computer and internet course for all students would not be useful nor would it be accepted.

Background Oral hygiene is an integral part of general health of a person. Nurses qualified about oral care can play an important role in improving the quality of oral health in hospitalized patients. This study investigated the educational needs of nurses in the field of oral health of hospitalized patients. Methods The study used the modified Delphi method in three rounds. Fifty faculty members of the School of Dentistry and Nursing were selected via purposive sampling. The data collection tool was a demographic form and an open-ended questionnaire in the first round and a structured questionnaire in the next rounds. The analysis was performed using both content and descriptive analysis techniques. Results The top ten oral health education priorities for nurses were greater than 75% with a consensus level: oral anatomy and physiology, learning the signs and symptoms of common oral diseases, learning of oral medications and administration, learning the drugs that cause damage to the mouth and teeth, training in managing dental emergencies, patient education for tooth brushing and taking care of the mouth, especially in the elderly patient, providing oral and dental care, training for unconscious and fasting patients, undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and hospitalization in intensive care unit. Conclusion The findings of the study emphasized the need for interdisciplinary cooperation between nursing and dental professionals for the development of an oral health curriculum for nurses to promote and improve oral health and prevent dental diseases in hospitalized patients and the community.

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Introduction: Leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease transmitted by sand-fly. The term leishmaniasis encompasses multiple clinical syndromes. Case Presentation: A 24-year-old male native of Yazd, Iran, was referred from the dental and subsequently to the infectious clinic with complaints of ulcer and swelling over his lower lip for three months. The lesion progressively increased in size over a few weeks and there was no history of fever or other complaints. The lesion had response to treatment with multiple antibiotics by various medical practitioners. Conclusions: The case was interesting according to the rare location of the lesion since it can be confused with other infectious diseases.

catheters was 3 (range, 1-6 catheters). With a median follow-up of 21.6 (95% confidence interval, [19.1-23.5]) months, local relapse was observed in nine patients (6.3%), with four of them with persistent and progressive disease. The estimated 2-year local and pelvic relapse free survival were respectively 92% (95% confidence interval, [84%-96%]) and 90% [83%-94%]. The estimated 2-year disease free survival for the entire population was 80% [71%-87%]. The 2year OS rate for the entire population was 92% [84%-96%]. Acute toxicity G3 was reported in two (1.4%) patients. High grade late toxicity (grade 3) was reported in 9 (6.3%) patients Conclusion Combined IC/IS brachytherapy for LACC allows to reach recommended doses to achieve local control even in large tumours after CCRT improving target volume coverage with low rates of acute morbidity. Hybrid brachytherapy technique (EC/IS) is essential to have a favourable scenario at the time of brachytherapy to correctly treat locally advanced cervical cancers.

Introduction: Leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease transmitted by sand-fly. The term leishmaniasis encompasses multiple clinical syndromes. Case Presentation: A 24-year-old male native of Yazd, Iran, was referred from the dental and subsequently to the infectious clinic with complaints of ulcer and swelling over his lower lip for three months. The lesion progressively increased in size over a few weeks and there was no history of fever or other complaints. The lesion had response to treatment with multiple antibiotics by various medical practitioners. Conclusions:The case was interesting according to the rare location of the lesion since it can be confused with other infectious diseases.