Since so many years ago, tissue damages that are caused owing to various reasons attract scientists' attention to find a practical way to treat. In this regard, many studies were conducted. Nano scientists also suggested some ways and the newest one is called tissue engineering. They use biodegradable polymers in order to replace damaged structures in tissues to make it practical. Biodegradable polymers are dominant scaffolding materials in tissue engineering field. In this review, we explained about biodegradable polymers and their application as scaffolds.

Cancer is increasingly apparent as a systems-level, network happening. The central tendency of malignant alteration can be described as a two-phase procedure, where an initial increase of network plasticity is followed by reducing plasticity at late stages of tumor improvement. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are cancer cells that take characteristics associated with normal stem cells. Cancer therapy has been based on the concept that most of the cancer cells have a similar ability to separate metastasise and kill the host. In this review, we addressed the use of nanotechnology in the treatment of cancer stem cells.

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Despite the great value of current exogenous contrast agents for providing main diagnostic information, they still have certain drawbacks such as short blood half life, nonspecific biodistribution, fast clearance, slight renal toxicity and poor contrast in fat patients. Nanoparticles (NPs) are used as novel contrast agents that represent a promising strategy for the non invasive diagnosis. As a platform, nanoparticulates are compatible for developing targeted contrast agents. Advances in nanotechnology will provide enhanced sensitivity and specificity for tumor imaging enabling earlier detection of metastases. This article focuses on fundamental issue such as biological interactions, clearance routes, coating of NPs and presents a wide discussion about most recent category of NPs that are used as contrast agents and thebenefits/concerns issues associated with their use in clinical procedures.

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