As the technology entering into Nano dimensions, the manufacturing processes are becoming less reliable, that is drastically impacting the yield. Therefore, fault tolerant systems are becoming more important, particularly in safety-critical applications. In this paper, we present the design and analysis of 4-bit Arithmetic and Logical Unit (ALU) circuit designed using CMOS 180 nm process technology for fault tolerant computing architectures. As, ALU is a functional block of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) of a computer system. It is highly recommended that the ALU block must be fault free or fault tolerant one. In order to have high reliability and high up time of the system, we have used the classical Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR) technique in which three redundant subsystems are used in order to attain high reliability. We have achieved lower power dissipation with higher reliability of ALU circuit. The Voter Logic and Fault detection circuits are also designed and reported in this paper.
This paper presents the equivalent circuit modelling and eigenfrequency analysis of a wideband robust capacitive radio frequency (RF) microelectromechanical system (MEMS) switch that was designed using Poly-Si and Au layer membrane for highly reliable switching operation. The circuit characterization includes the extraction of resistance, inductance, on and off state capacitance, and Q-factor. The first six eigenfrequencies are analyzed using a finite element modeler, and the equivalent modes are demonstrated. The switch is optimized for millimeter wave frequencies, which indicate excellent RF performance with isolation of more than 55 dB and a low insertion loss of 0.1 dB in the V-band. The designed switch actuates at 13.2 V. The R, L, C and Q-factor are simulated using Y-matrix data over a frequency sweep of 20-100 GHz. The proposed switch has various applications in satellite communication networks and can also be used for devices that will incorporate the upcoming IEEE Wi-Fi 802.11ad protocol.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.