Objective. To develop and integrate a case study on warfarin into a clinical pharmacy workshop. Methods. A framework model was designed and used to create a case study on warfarin therapy. The case study was implemented in a third-year Master of Pharmacy course. Student feedback was obtained using an online questionnaire and two focus groups. Results. All students agreed that the case study successfully integrated the science of warfarin and concepts of pharmacy practice. The majority of students (94%) agreed that this approach helped them to understand the science of warfarin more than a traditional lecture would have. Students felt the time allocated to the workshop was too short. Conclusion. An integrated case study provides a learning environment that emphasizes the contextualization of chemistry and pharmacology into a clinical pharmacy setting.
Objective: To evaluate awareness and practice of oral hygiene measures amongst college students of Lahore. To assess awareness and practice of oral hygiene measures amongst students of CMH LMC, LUMS, UET, FAST, Punjab College & Lahore Garrison University Materials and Methods: A survey was conducted among non-dental students using a questionnaire. Results: Most frequently used oral hygiene measure was toothbrush (81.3%). Most frequently used interdental aid was toothpick. (53.8%). 68% of the participants were aware about oral hygiene and most common mode of awareness was by dental fraternity 34.6%. 51% of the participants were using interdental aids. 49% of the participants were not using oral hygiene adjuncts and the most common reason was not knowing how to use it. (28.8%) Conclusions:68% of the participants were aware about oral hygiene measures but only half of the participants in this study engaged in regular oral hygiene measures and lack of knowledge was the dominant reason for not doing so. Key words: oral health, periodontal disease, interdental areas, interdental cleansing, interdental aids.
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