Abstrak: Aterosklerosis adalah penyakit kronis yang dapat menyebabkan kematian diawali inflamasi pembuluh darah oleh hiperlipidemia. Pemakaian minyak jelantah menyebabkan peningkatan asam lemak trans, asam lemak bebas dan radikal bebas sehingga memicu terjadinya aterosklerosis. Salah satu biomarker aterosklerosis adalah CD40. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran imunohistokimia CD40 pada aorta jantung tikus Wistar jantan (Rattus norvegicus) yang diinduksi minyak jelantah. Penelitian ini adalah true experimental dengan rancangan randomize post-test only control group design. Jumlah sampel adalah 12 ekor tikus Wistar jantan sehat, umur 3-4 bulan dan berat 150-200 gram, dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok. K0(diet normal), K1(5 kali penggorengan), K2(10 kali penggorengan), K3(15 kali penggorengan) selama 60 hari dan menghitung score CD40. Hasil uji Kruskal-Wallis diperoleh adanya perbedaan yang bermakna antara keempat kelompok perlakuan (p0,05). Gambaran imunohistokimia CD40 pada K3(15 kali penggorengan) lebih tinggi dibandingkan K1 (5 kali penggorengan) dan K2 (10 kali penggorengan). Minyak jelantah dapat meningkatkan CD40 yang memicu aterosklerosis.Kata kunci: Aterosklerosis, minyak jelantah, CD40Abstract: Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease that cause death and begins inflammation of blood vessel by hiperlipidemia. It is associated with increased trans fatty acids, free fatty acids, and free radical compounds due consumption of deep frying oil that can trigger atherocslerosis. One of the biomarkers of atherosclerosis is CD40. The purpose of this study was to determine immunohistochemical images of CD40 in aorta of male Wistar rat (Rattus norvegicus) induced by deep frying oil. This research is true experimental with randomize post-test only control group design. The experimental animals were 12 healthy male Wistar rats age 3-4 month and weight between 150-200g. Male wistar rat were randomly divided into 4 group. Group K0 (control) was given standart diet, group K1 was given orally deep fried oil 5 times, group K2 was given orally deep fried oil 10 times, group K3 was given orally deep fried oil 15 times for 60 day. The Imunohistochemical examination assessed score of CD40. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed that imunohistochemical of CD40 were significantly different among the four groups (p0,05). Imunohistochemical of CD40 in group K3(deep fried 15 times) is higher than group K1(deep fried 5 times) and K2(deep fried 10 times). Deep frying oil inceased that mount of CD40 and induced risk of aterosclerosis.Keywords: Atherosclerosis, deep frying oil, CD40
Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which attacks the lungs and bronchi. Anti-tuberculosis drugs consist of isoniazid, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, rifampicin and streptomycin which must be consumed for 6 months. OAT has side effects, especially disturbing liver function, one of which is bilirubin. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment derived from the heme reshuffle of hemoglobin in the process of erythrocyte breakdown by reticuloendothelial cells. This research is desktiptif. This study aims to describe the total bilirubin levels in pulmonary tuberculosis patients after 5 months of consuming anti-tuberculosis drugs in TK.IV.01.07.02 Binjai Army Hospital in May-June. This study was taken from 53 samples of total bilirubin levels in tuberculosis patients who had consumed OAT for 5 months. The results of the 53 samples found normal total bilirubin levels of (77.40%) and increased by (22.60%). Frequency distribution in male sex (56.6%) women (43.4%). Total bilirubin levels increased more in male patients (13.21%). The increase in total bilirubin occurred at> 56 years of age. Total bilirubin levels increased more in female patients (9.43%).
Corona virus are a large family of viruses that can cause disease in humans. Examination of Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) is an examination using in vitro techniques for determining or measuring the extent and nature of the template DNA (DNA chain) in real time. Antigen Swab a rapid diagnostic test for Covid-19 to detect the presence of antigens from the corona virus. antibody rapid test examination is an initial screening method for detecting IgM and IgG antibodies. This research is descriptive to get an overview of the result Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) examination in patients who have been confirmed positive on the antigen swab and reactive on the antibody rapid test. The population in this study were patients who were confirmed positive for swab antigens totaling 183 samples and confirmed antibody reactive totaling 117 samples who underwent a follow up examination of Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). There were positive RT-PCR results on the antigen swab examination as many as 162 samples (88.5%) and 21 (11.5%) negative results and positive RT-PCR results on the antibody rapid test examination as many as 34 samples (29.1 %) and obtained negative results as many as 83 (70.9%). The results of this study are expected to be a science for the public in knowing supporting laboratory tests in detecting the corona virus.
Atherosclerosis is a cardiovascular disease that can cause death such as coronary heart disease. The use of used cooking oil can cause the formation of free fatty acids, trans fatty acids and free radicals that can trigger atherosclerosis. One of the biomarkers of atherosclerosis is CD40. Red dragon fruit contains anthocyanins which act as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the ethanolic extract of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) (EEBNM) on CD40 immunohistochemistry in the heart aorta of male wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced by cooking oil. This research is true experimental with randomized post-test-only control group design. The number of samples was 35 male wistar rats consisting of 7 groups. Group K0 (Standard normal diet). In group P1, P2 was given cooking oil 5 times for frying with EEBNM doses of 60 and 90 mg/kg BW per day. P3, P4 were given cooking oil 10 times for frying with EEBNM doses of 60 and 90 mg/kg BW per day. P5, P6 were given cooking oil 15 times for frying with EEBNM doses of 60 and 90 mg/kg BW per day for 60 days. The results of the kruskal-wallis test showed that there was a significant difference between the seven treatment groups (p-value=0.039). The results of the mann-whitney test in the treatment (P2) of frying 5 times at a dose of 90 mg/kg BW on the CD40 count the results showed a significant difference. This study proves that the ethanolic extract of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) can reduce the number of CD40 in the heart aorta of male wistar rats induced by cooking oil. Keywords: Atherosclerosis, Cooking Oil, Red Dragon Fruit, CD40.
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