The purpose of this study is to examine the self-esteem levels of the students at Balikesir University Physical Education and Sports High School according to the variables such; gender, age, body-mass index (BMI), education department, class, sporting situation and sport branch (individual sport-team sport). While the universe of the study has been formed by students in Balikesir physical education and sports high school, the sample group has been consisted of a total of 292 students; 108 of whom are female and 184 male, who have been randomly selected from these students. In this study Rosenberg self-esteem scale, developed by Rosenberg (1965) and adapted to Turkish language by Cuhadaroglu (1986) has been used. Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis test has been used in the analysis of the data obtained from study. Self Esteem Score (SES) is calculated for each individual. As a result of the study, it has been found that the self-esteem averages of the physical education and sports high school students are very close to each other in gender and sport branch factors, and no significant change has been seen (p>0,05) however according to variable; whether they do sport or not; those who perpetually do sport have higher self-esteem than those who do not, and this change is statistically significant (p<0.05) and according to age, class and body-mass index there is no significant difference (p>0,05); and in the comparison among the departments; the average scores of the students of physical education and sports teaching department are higher than the average scores of the students of sports administration department, however this difference is not significant. It has been also understood that the average scores of the physical education and sports teaching students is higher than the students of coaching department and this change is statistically significant (p<0,05.).

Football, is a universal sport with most audiences all around the world. Considering footballers, managers, trainers, audiences involved in football sector referees’ emotional situations, life stress, decision making skills have become important in football environment. The aim of the study was to analyse stress, self-confidence and decision-making skills in football referees. In the study 145 football referees having an age average of 25.88 ± 4.24 participated. In order to determine football referees’ stress levels, “Perceived Stress Scale” developed by Cohen, Kamarck and Mermelstein (1983) and to find out decision-making skills, “Melbourne Decision-Making Scale I-II” developed by Mann et al. (1998) were applied. In evaluation of data Pearson correlation test and Independent t test were done.As a result; significant relations were found between stress, self-confidence and decision-making in football referees. A significant relation was determined between football referees’ self-confidence and decision-making skills. In football referees a meaningful difference was also found between stress level and gender variable. It is apparent that the female football referees’ stress perceptions were higher rather than the male football referees. ÖzetFutbol, dünyada da en fazla seyircisi olan evrensel bir spordur. Futbol sektörü içinde bulunan futbolcu, yönetici, çalıştırıcı, seyirciler düşünüldüğünde hakemlerin futbol ortamı içinde duygu durumları, yaşadığı stres, karar verme becerisi de önemli hale gelmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, futbol hakemlerinde stres, özgüven ve karar verme becerisini incelemektir. Araştırmaya yaş ortalaması 25.88 ± 4.24 olan 145 futbol hakemi katılmıştır. Futbol hakemlerinin stres düzeylerini belirlemek için Cohen, Kamarck ve Mermelstein (1983) tarafından geliştirilen “Algılanan Stres Ölçeği”  ile karar verme becerilerini belirlemek için Mann ve diğerleri (1998) tarafından geliştirilen “Melbourne karar verme ölçeği I-II” uygulanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde Pearson korelasyon testi ve Bağımsız t testi yapılmıştır.Sonuç olarak; Futbol hakemlerinde stres ile özgüven ve karar verme arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur. Hakemlerin özgüven ile karar verme becerisi arasında anlamlı ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Futbol hakemlerinde stres düzeyi ile cinsiyet değişkeni arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur.  Kadın futbol hakemlerinin stres algılarının erkek hakemlerden yüksek olması dikkat çekicidir.

This research was conducted in order to analyse the relationship between personality traits and sports consumption motives. In line with this purpose, 227 extreme athletes (86 were sportsmen and 141 were sportswomen), which were competitors in sports branches of snowboarding, snow kiting, kitesurfing, windsurfing, kayak, mountain biking, Free-diving, paragliding, rock climbing and rafting, were selected through the method of judgement sampling. Questionnaires were conducted between 1 February-31 December 2013 at extreme sports facilities in the provinces and districts of Muğla/Marmaris-Fethiye-Bodrum-Gökova, Antalya/Alanya-Kemer, İzmir/Alaçatı-Çeşme, Bursa/ Uludağ, Bolu/ Kartalkaya. In this study, "Extreme Sport Consumption Scale" (ESCS) that was developed by Şimşek (2010) and short version (with 85 articles) of "Five Factor Personality Inventory" (FFPI), which was developed by Somer, Korkmaz and Tatar (2004) were employed in order to collect data.The results of the study produced significant findings concerning the relationship between personality traits and their sports consumption motives. The most significant of them all showed that sports consumption motives to a certain extent coincide with personality traits. The assessment of the relationship between ESCS and FFPI according to the gender factor revealed that for female participants, there were negative correlations between physical fitness and extraversion; values, socialisation, seeking for excitement-adventure and docility and letting off stress and self-control (p<.05). For male participants, positive correlations were observed between letting off stress, behavioural intentions and extraversion (p<.05).

The aim of this study was to investigate communication skills level of university students (Faculty of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Tourism Faculty) who were enrolled in 2014-2015 academic year at Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University according to physical activity participation, gender and which faculty they were enrolled Physical activity type and where to participate in a physical activity. 590 students were voluntarily participated in the study. In this study, Physical activity Behaviour Change questionnaire consisting of 4 questions developed by Marcus and Lewis (2003), criterion validity of which was made by Cengiz et al. (2010) was applied to students in order to determine their participation in physical activities. 5 point likert type Evaluation Scale for Communication Skills (ESCS) developed by Korkut (1996) was used to determine communication skill levels of students. According to the findings obtained from these questionnaires, independent samples t-test, ANOVA test as well as Gabriel test in order to determine from which sources the difference was originated were applied depending on the aforementioned variables. In light of the obtained results, a significant difference was found for communication skills, their physical activity stage and where to participate in physical activities (p< 0.05). No significant difference was found in communication skill levels according to gender (p > 0.05). No significant difference was determined in communication skills according to physical activity type.

In this study was to investigate the effect of the nutrition and physical exercise habits change on overweight in Balikesir Science High School students. Eighty-five volunteered students (46 girls and 39 boys), were participated in this study. The participants' nutrition habits and physical characteristics were analyzed in 15 years old (grade 9) then compared to 18 years old (grade 12) values. The study results showed that increased in body weight, height and body mass index (BMI) in grade 12 compared to grade 9., whereas waist/hip ratio was not significantly increased. The participation in physical activity and physical activity duration was declined in grade 12 (p=0.000, p=0.004 respectively). When evaluated the questions scores, the nutrition habit risk score was increased except question 2 and 5. In addition, boys more participated in physical activity than girls (p=0.001) while in grade 12, this physical activity participation level more than decreased in girls compared to boys (p=0.04). In conclusion, this study results indicated that in grade 12 or 18 years old, bad nutrition habits increased and physical exercise participation level decreased with school and exam factors.

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The present study was conducted for the purpose of examining the personality traits of extreme athletes. In line with this purpose a total of 227 extreme athletes, as 86 female and 141 male athletes selected through judgment sampling, that either actively compete or trains to compete in any of the branches of snowboarding, snowkiting, kitesurfing, windsurfing, river kayaking, mountain biking, free diving, paragliding and rafting were included within the sample group of the study. Questionnaire applications were carried out in extreme sports facilities throughout the country.Within the scope of the study, an 85-item short form of the Five Factor Personality Scale developed by Somer, Korkmaz and Tatar was used as the data collection tool. Data analysis was carried out by means of the SPSS 16.0 software and the percentages frequencies, mean, standard deviation and to find the differences between the sexes "independent t" test were calculated.Examining the obtained results showed that the male athletes have higher extravertion level from female athletes (p <0.05). This finding obtained in our study suggest that, in an essentially male-dominant society, the higher level of pressure women are subjected to in social, economic, cultural and psychological terms and the difficulties and pressure they experience in the working life are significant factors for women to be more introvert.