Objective: to identify and synthesize the evidence from randomized clinical trials that
tested the effectiveness of traditional Chinese acupuncture in relation to sham
acupuncture for the treatment of hot flashes in menopausal women with breast
cancer.Method: systematic review guided by the recommendations of the Cochrane Collaboration.
Citations were searched in the following databases: MEDLINE via PubMed, Web of
Science, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and LILACS. A combination of the following keywords was
used: breast neoplasm, acupuncture, acupuncture therapy, acupuncture points,
placebos, sham treatment, hot flashes, hot flushes, menopause, climacteric, and
vasomotor symptoms. Results: a total of 272 studies were identified, five of which were selected and analyzed.
Slight superiority of traditional acupuncture compared with sham acupuncture was
observed; however, there were no strong statistical associations. Conclusions: the evidence gathered was not sufficient to affirm the effectiveness of
traditional acupuncture compared with sham acupuncture.
Objective: To analyze risk factors for surgery site infection in neurosurgery. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary hospital analyzing 85 elective and clean neurosurgeries with an outcome of infection within 30 days after surgery. Results: Surgical site infection occurred in 9.4% (n=8) of cases. Bivariate analysis revealed that the following risk factors were associated with the presence of infection: total length of hospital stay, Body Mass Index, surgical size and blood transfusion. After running binary logistic regression adjustments, only the total length of hospital stay was significantly related to the presence of infection. Conclusion: The occurrence of surgical site infection in neurosurgery in the studied institution was higher than recommended by the scientific literature. The results show that outpatient follow up of patients who undergo surgery after hospital discharge may reduce the underreporting of infection cases.
ResumoObjetivo: Analisar os fatores de risco de infecção da ferida operatória em neurocirurgia. Métodos: Estudo transversal, prospectivo, conduzido em hospital de nível terciário com 85 neurocirurgias eletivas e limpas, tendo como desfecho a infecção até 30 dias após o procedimento cirúrgico. Resultados: A ocorrência de infecção de sítio cirúrgico foi de 9,4% (n=8). Na análise bivariada observou-se que os fatores de risco: tempo total de internação, Índice de Massa Corporal, porte cirúrgico e transfusão sanguínea foram associados com a presença de infecção. Após ajuste no modelo de regressão logística binária, apenas o tempo total de internação mostrou relação estatisticamente significativa com a presença de infecção. Conclusão: A ocorrência de infecção de sítio cirúrgico em neurocirurgia na instituição estudada foi maior do que o preconizado na literatura científica. Os resultados apontaram que o acompanhamento ambulatorial do paciente cirúrgico após a alta hospitalar pode reduzir a subnotificação dos casos de infecção.
Dedico esse trabalho aos meus queridos pais, eternos mestres, Enio e Mariângela, pelo exemplo de vida, luta e honestidade; nunca pouparam esforços para a realização de meus sonhos, me apoiando sempre na conclusão desse trabalho! Ao meu querido irmão, Samuel, meu amigo, pelos laços que nos unem! Aos meus queridos e amados Avós, Orlando e Farides, pelos ensinamentos e convívio fraternal, que o nosso amor nos una para sempre! À minha noiva e futura esposa Ana Flávia, pela paciência, dedicação e amor incondicional, me fez acreditar que a concretização desse sonho seria possível! Amo muito vocês!
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