The purpose of this work was to carry out the diagnosis of 20 dairy cattle properties in system of family economy, aiming the characterization of productive factors and their associations the aspects related to the quality of milk. All properties are located in the micro-region of Alto Rio Grande, southern Minas Gerais. The data were collected from a semi-structured form, containing 97 questions, in the period from March to June 2016. After collection, the data were registered in Sphinx software®. The parameters used to assess the quality of milk were the somatic cell count (SCC), total bacterial count (CBT), protein and fat. The existence of association between the dependent factors (CCS, CBT, protein and fat) and independent (the remaining questions of the form) has been verified using two types of test: Student's t-test, when the independent variable was qualitative; and the Pearson correlation coefficient or Spearman, when the independent variable was quantitative. No statistics differences were found (P > 0.05) in the medium of CCS, CBT, protein and fat between the categories of independent qualitative variables. Significant correlations were observed between time in the dairy activity and fat (p = 0.019; r = -0.547) and between CBT and temperature (P = 0.000; r = 0.853). Some factors observed during the survey, as high CCS and CBT, demonstrate the need for improved management within the properties analyzed so that they can meet the quality requirements of Normative 62.
ResumoO objetivo deste estudo foi verificar quais fatores socioeconômicos estão relacionados com a decisão de compra de carne com certificação de origem, além de levantar o perfil de percepção e atitude dos consumidores de carne bovina em São Luís/MA. Foi realizada a descrição das variáveis e construído um modelo múltiplo Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) de regressão logística visando a identificar possíveis associações entre as características socioeconômicas dos consumidores e os principais atributos da carne que influenciam a decisão para sua compra levantada por meio das entrevistas entre 400 entrevistados no mês de março de 2012. O selo de qualidade na aquisição da carne foi o atributo que mais influenciou (32,5%) a decisão de compra dos consumidores. A maioria dos entrevistados (68,7%) nunca ouviu falar sobre rastreabilidade bovina. Dentre os que já ouviram falar, a maior parte (71,2%) está disposta a pagar mais pela carne com certificação de origem, apesar de considerar que há desvantagens associadas à rastreabilidade, principalmente em relação ao aumento no preço da carne. Consumidores com maior grau de escolaridade apresentam 2,62 mais chances de já terem ouvido falar em carne rastreada e 1,90 mais chances de considerar que o principal benefício da carne rastreada é oferecer mais segurança alimentar; enquanto os com maior renda apresentam 3,23 mais chances de aceitar pagar mais pela certificação da carne. Ou seja, pessoas com maior escolaridade apresentaram melhor conhecimento sobre esse tipo de certificação, enquanto aqueles com maior renda mostraram maior aceitação em pagar mais caro pela carne bovina rastreada.Palavras-chave: atributos da carne, comercialização, rastreabilidade, segurança alimentar. AbstractThe aim of this study was to verify which socioeconomic factors are related to the decision to purchase meat with certification of origin, as well as raising the profile of perception and attitude of consumers of meat in São Luís/MA. The description of the variables were performed and constructed a multiple model Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) of logistic regression model using the statistical package SPSS 18.0, to identify possible associations between socio-demographic characteristics of the consumers and the main attributes of the meat that influence the decision for its purchase raised through interviews among 400 respondents in March 2012. The seal of quality for acquisition of the meat was the attribute that most influences (32,5%) the purchasing decisions of consumers. Most respondents (68,7%) never heard about bovine traceability. Amongst these who had heard about traceability, most (71,2%) would be willing to pay more for meat with certification of origin, although considering that there are disadvantages associated with traceability, especially in relation to the increase in the price of meat. Consumers with greater levels of schooling present 2,62 more chances of having already heard of traced meat and 1,90 more chances of considering that the main benefit of traced meat i...
The objective of this study was to evaluate the technical and economic efficiency of different methods of cattle weighing, and to develop mathematical equations to estimate the breakeven point for the adoption of electronic weighing, i.e., to estimate how many animals are required for the acquisition and use of an electronic scale to be economically viable. The survey was conducted in confined beef cattle, from the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology in the south of Minas Gerais, IFSUL DE MINAS, Muzambinho Campus, from July to December 2014. Two methods of weighing cattle were evaluated: an electronic scale and a tape measure, using a barimetric tape for dairy cattle and a barimetric tape for beef cattle, and a conventional tape measure involving the conversion of centimeters into body weight using a specific table. Thirty-three animals identified with plastic ear tags were weighed using each method. Animals of the Nellore, Senepol, Girolando, and Red-angus breeds, aged 0-1, 1-2, and 2-3 years, were weighed 402 times in total. The time taken to weigh animals with the electronic scale was the lowest, followed by that with the barimetric tape, and that with conventional tape measure with conversion. The electronic scale exhibited the greatest technical efficiency, owing to the lack of error and the lowest time required to weigh animals. However, the costs associated with the use of this equipment were the highest, which depended on the purchasing cost. The mathematical equations developed will help technicians and cattle farmers to rapidly and precisely estimate the minimum number of animals that should compose a production system to ensure economic viability for the adoption of an electronic method to weigh cattle. ResumoObjetivou-se avaliar a eficiência técnica e econômica da implantação e utilização de diferentes métodos de pesagem de bovinos e desenvolver equações matemáticas que permitam estimar o ponto de equilíbrio para utilização do método eletrônico de pesagem, ou seja, estimar a partir de quantos animais é viável economicamente a aquisição e utilização da balança eletrônica. A pesquisa foi realizada no setor de gado de corte, em regime de confinamento, do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais, IFSUL DE MINAS-Campus Muzambinho, no período de julho a dezembro de 2014. Foram avaliados dois métodos de pesagem de bovinos: balança eletrônica e fita métrica, sendo essa nas modalidades fita barimétrica para gado de leite e fita barimétrica para gado de corte e fita métrica convencional com conversão de centímetro em peso vivo (PV), utilizando-se tabela específica para essa finalidade. Cada método foi aplicado em 33 animais, identificados com brincos plásticos auriculares, das raças Nelore, Senepol, Girolando e Red-angus, com diferentes faixas etárias (0 a 1; 1 a 2; 2 a 3 anos), sendo realizadas 402 pesagens. O tempo necessário para pesagem dos animais pelo método balança eletrônica foi o mais rápido, seguido pela fita barimétrica e fita métrica con...
This study examines the cost of applying ixodicides by using three methods (subcutaneous injection, pour-on and spraying), in different animal categories, to generate information that can help in the choice of the method. The research was carried out between May and September 2017, in the dairy cattle section of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais - IFSULDEMINAS - Muzambinho campus, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. All operational expenses related to the application of the ixodicides were recorded. Data were collected by three people: two to time the application of the product and one to record the measured data. Twenty-seven Holstein cattle infested with Rhipicephalus microplus were used, consisting of 12 calves, six heifers and nine adult cows. A simulation was carried out with 50 and 100 animals to check the effect of the production scale on the cost of applying the ixodicides. Application times (animal transport, product dosing and application itself) for the calves, heifers and cow categories were shorter in the injection and pour-on methods, which did not differ from each other in any of the three studied categories. The time spent per animal on the washing of personal protective equipment and washing of sprayer reduced as the number of animals increased, because these procedures are performed only once regardless of the number of animals. The pour-on method was the least expensive. Production scale was found to be an important factor for diluting fixed costs and optimizing labor.
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