Field experiment was conducted at Tamia Agric., Res., Station, Fayoum, Egypt during 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 seasons to study the effect of N-fertilizer forms, i.e. F1: organic form as chicken manure at the rate of 20m 3 fed-1 , F2: bio-fertilizer (biogena)+37.5 kg mineral N as ammonium nitrate 33.0% N and F3: mineral N fertilizer at the rate of 75 kg N fed-1 (as ammonium nitrate 33.0% N) and scheduling irrigation treatments, i.e. I1: irrigation at 0.8 cumulative pan evaporation (C.P.E.), I2: irrigation at 1.0 and I3: irrigation at 1.2 C.P.E. on yield, yield components and some water relations of wheat crop (Giza 168 cv.). A split-plot design with four replicates was used since N-fertilizer forms were represented in the main plots while scheduling irrigation treatments were occupied the split ones. The main obtained results were as follows: 1-Using mineral N form and irrigation at 1.2 C.P.E. gave the highest averages of spike numbers m-2 , 1000-grain weight, grain yield fed-1. (2149.28 and 2271.50 kg fed-1) and straw yield (2619.60 and 2775.85 kg fed-1) in the two successive seasons, but plant height was affected significantly in the second season only. The lowest averages of yield and its components were obtained from using organic fertilizer(chicken manure) form and irrigation at 0.8 C.P.E. in both seasons. 2-Seasonal consumptive use (ETC) averaged 39.23 and 41.83 cm in 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 seasons, respectively. The highest ETC values, i.e. 44.12 and 46.36 cm were recorded with the interaction (F3I3), whereas the lowest values as 35.65 and 38.72 cm resulted from the interaction (F1I1), in 2008/2009 and 2009 /2010, respectively, 3-Daily ETC rates were low during Nov. and Dec., then increased during Jan. and Feb., to reach its maximum values during March and then declined again at April till harvesting. The values of daily ETC decreased due to organic or bio-fertilizer forms in the two growing season's months. The crop coefficient (KC) values (averages of the two seasons) were 0.
Two Field trials were carried out at Abo-Gensho village, Abshway District, Fayoum Governorate, Egypt, during two successive summer seasons of the 2017 and 2018 to study the effect of irrigation scheduling treatments and foliar spray with chitosan concentrates on growth parameters, yield and its components and some water relations of eggplants cv. black beauty. Three irrigation scheduling treatments based on coefficients of cumulative pan evaporation (CPE), i.e. I 1 : 1.1, I 2 :0.9 and I 3 : 0.7 CPE with three chitosan concentrates, i.e. C 1 : 0 (without addition, control), C 2 :40 and C 3 :80 mg l -1 with three replications in a strip plot design. Results indicated that the highest plant growth and eggplant fruits yield in both seasons were detected from a combination of irrigation at 1.1 CPE and spraying by 80 mg l -1 as chitosan concentrate. Further, it resulted in highest values for seasonal consumptive use (ET C ) as well as water use efficiency (WUE). On other hand, it could be recommended the combination of irrigation at 0.9 CPE and applying 80 mg l -1 as chitosan concentrate in Egypt for enhanced eggplant fruits yield especially under deficit irrigation water conditions.
Field experiments were carried out at the Tameia Agricultural Research Station, Fayoum Governorate, Egypt, during the 2013/14 and 2014/15 seasons in order to study the impact of nitrogen fertilization forms, irrigation intervals and some soil conditioners on the yield, yield components and crop water relations of wheat (Giza 168). Two nitrogen forms with three irrigation intervals, i.e. I 1 : irrigation at 14 days, I 2 : 21 days and I 3 : 28 days with soil conditioners at the rate of 11.9 t ha -1 , i.e. C 1 control (without any addition), C 2 : compost, C 3 : rice straw and C 4 : sawdust with three replications in a split-split plot design. Results indicate that the highest wheat grain yields in both years were detected from a combination of applying liquid ammonia gas, irrigation at 14-day intervals and addition of compost. This treatment also gave higher values for yield components, uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and their concentration in the grain. Further, it resulted in highest values for the consumptive use of water as well as water productivity. Thus, a combination of applying liquid ammonia gas, irrigation at 14-day intervals and addition of compost can be adopted in wider areas in Egypt for enhanced wheat grain yield.
Field experiments were conducted at Tameia Res. Station, Fayoum Governorate during 2007/2008and 2008/2009 seasons to study the effect of the combination between two ridge width treatments, i.e. (R 1 ): ridges of 60 cm width and (R 2 ) : ridges of 120 cm width (beds planted from both sides), with four irrigation regimes, i.e. (I 1 ) : 30%, (I 2 ) : 45%, (I 3 ) : 60% and (I 4 ): 75% available soil moisture depletion (ASMD) on sugar beet yield and its components, quality and some water relations. A split -plot design with four replication was used. The main obtained results were as follows: 1. Root length, root diameter, root weight, fresh root yield / fed, sucrose, T.S.S., juice purity percentages and sugar yield/fed were significantly affected by ridge width, irrigation regime treatments and their interaction in both seasons, to different magnitudes. 2. Planting on ridges of 60 cm width and irrigation at 30% ASMD gave the highest root diameter (16.8, 17.3cm), root weight (2.64, 2.73gm) and root yield (19.78 and 20.56 t/fed in 2007/2008 and 2008/2009, respectively). However, the lowest averages were obtained from bed (R 2 ) planting and irrigation at 75% ASMD in both seasons. Root length under both ridge width treatments significantly increased as ASMD increased from 30% to 75% in both seasons. 3. The highest sucrose %, i.e. 18.26 and 18.55% in the two successive seasons were detected from wide ridges planting and irrigation at 30% ASMD, whereas planting on ridges of 60 cm width and irrigation at 30% ASMD gave the highest sugar yield (3.58 and 3.80 t/ fed in 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 seasons), respectively. 4. Seasonal consumptive use (ET C ) averaged 52.80 and 54.38 cm in the two successive seasons. The highest ET C values, i.e. 58.86 and 60.26 cm in 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 seasons, respectively were detected from planting on ridges of 60 cm width and irrigation at 30% ASMD. Planting on beds and irrigation at 75% ASMD gave the lowest ET C values, i.e. 46.82 and 47.73 cm in the two successive seasons. Planting on wide ridges (beds) decreased ET C by 7.00 and 8.71% in the two seasons. 5. Daily ET C rates started with low values, then increased during Jan. and Feb. months and reached its maximum values during March, then redecreased during April and May. The crop coefficient (K C ) during the growing season months from November until May were 0.55, 0.7, 0.83, 1.05, 1.11, 0.79 and 0.59, respectively, (average of two seasons). 6. Planting on wide ridges (beds) and irrigation at 45% ASMD was found to be the optimum efficiency of water use, i.e. 8.018 and 8.021
Field experiments were carried out at Fayoum Agric. Res. Station (Tameia) during 2008 and 2009 seasons to study the combination effects of three sowing dates, i.e. D 1 :1 st June, D 2 :10 th June and D 3 : 20 th June and three irrigation scheduling treatments according to cumulative pan evaporation (C.P.E), i.e. (I 1 ):0.8, (I 2 ):1.0 and (I 3 ): 1.2 on yields, yield components, and some water relations of maize hybrid (TWC 310). A split-plot design with four replications was used. The main results obtained were as follows: 1. Grain yield/fed, yield components were significantly affected by sowing dates and irrigation scheduling treatments in both seasons. Sowing on 1 st June and irrigation at 1.2 C.P.E (I 3 ) gave the highest averages of stem diameter, ear length, ear diameter, grain weight/plant and 100-grain weight in both seasons. Nevertheless, third sowing date (D 3 ) and irrigation at 0.8 C.P.E (I 1 ) gave the lowest yield component averages in both seasons. 2. The highest grain yield, i.e. 2476 kg grains/fed was detected from (D 1 I 2 ) in the first season, and 2857 kg grains/fed from (D 1 I 3 ) in the second season. On the contrary, third sowing date (D 3 ) and irrigation at0.8 C.P.E (I 1 ) gave the lowest grain yield/fed, i.e. 1955 and 1414.10 kg grains/fed in 2008 and 2009 seasons, respectively. 3. Seasonal consumptive use (ET C ) averaged 61.69 and 61.35 cm in 2008 and 2009 seasons, respectively. The highest ET C values, i.e. 69.35 and 68.91 cm were recorded from (D 1 I 3 ) in 2008 and 2009 seasons, respectively, whereas, the lowest values, i.e. 54.1 and 53.15 cm in the two successive seasons were resulted from (D 3 I 1 ). 4. The daily ET C rates were low during June, and tended to increase during July to reach its peak during August and then declined during September and October in both seasons. the crop coefficient (K C ) values, for high grain yield were 0.44, 0.70, 1.06, 0.67 and 0.63 for June, July, August, September and October, respectively(as an average in two seasons) 5. The highest water use efficiency, i.e. 0.896 and 0.987 kg grain/m3 water consumed were obtained from (D 1 I 2 ) and (D 1 I 3 ) treatments in 2008 and 2009 seasons, respectively.
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