Water Relations and Yield of Wheat Under Different N- Fertilizer Forms and Scheduling Irrigation

Abstract

Field experiment was conducted at Tamia Agric., Res., Station, Fayoum, Egypt during 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 seasons to study the effect of N-fertilizer forms, i.e. F1: organic form as chicken manure at the rate of 20m 3 fed-1 , F2: bio-fertilizer (biogena)+37.5 kg mineral N as ammonium nitrate 33.0% N and F3: mineral N fertilizer at the rate of 75 kg N fed-1 (as ammonium nitrate 33.0% N) and scheduling irrigation treatments, i.e. I1: irrigation at 0.8 cumulative pan evaporation (C.P.E.), I2: irrigation at 1.0 and I3: irrigation at 1.2 C.P.E. on yield, yield components and some water relations of wheat crop (Giza 168 cv.). A split-plot design with four replicates was used since N-fertilizer forms were represented in the main plots while scheduling irrigation treatments were occupied the split ones. The main obtained results were as follows: 1-Using mineral N form and irrigation at 1.2 C.P.E. gave the highest averages of spike numbers m-2 , 1000-grain weight, grain yield fed-1. (2149.28 and 2271.50 kg fed-1) and straw yield (2619.60 and 2775.85 kg fed-1) in the two successive seasons, but plant height was affected significantly in the second season only. The lowest averages of yield and its components were obtained from using organic fertilizer(chicken manure) form and irrigation at 0.8 C.P.E. in both seasons. 2-Seasonal consumptive use (ETC) averaged 39.23 and 41.83 cm in 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 seasons, respectively. The highest ETC values, i.e. 44.12 and 46.36 cm were recorded with the interaction (F3I3), whereas the lowest values as 35.65 and 38.72 cm resulted from the interaction (F1I1), in 2008/2009 and 2009 /2010, respectively, 3-Daily ETC rates were low during Nov. and Dec., then increased during Jan. and Feb., to reach its maximum values during March and then declined again at April till harvesting. The values of daily ETC decreased due to organic or bio-fertilizer forms in the two growing season's months. The crop coefficient (KC) values (averages of the two seasons) were 0.

Enhancing the Proficiency of Water Use in Wheat Through Nitrogen Forms, Irrigation Intervals and Soil Conditioners

“…Such results are attributable to an abundance of available soil moisture with 14‐day intervals, which was subjected to transpiration through the crop canopy and evaporation from the soil surface (Yousef and Ashry ; Abdou et al . ; El‐Akram and Emam ). Further, the peak of daily ETc values was recorded during March and April under the irrigation regimes during both seasons.…”

Response of Wheat Grown on Old - Cultivated Soil to Liquid Ammonia Fertilization and Water Management via Different Levels of Soil Moisture Depletion

“…The results in Table (7 Abdou et al (2011), andEmam (2014). It is worthy to mention that the peak of daily ETc values was recorded during March and April under the adopted irrigation regimes, and such result was true in 1 st and 2 nd seasons.…”

“…The K C values reached its maximum values (0.94 and 0.91) during March (headinggrain filling stage). Abdou et al (2011).…”