Objective To report the results of a comparative study higher levels of calcium and magnesium salts were obtained after acidic dissolution. There were no differof in vitro encrustation of five different types of JJ stents in human urine.ences in crystal deposition among the remaining stents. Materials and methods Samples of five JJ stents (polyurethane, silicone, Percuflex, C-Flex and hydrogel-coated Conclusion Hydrogel-coated stents have an higher risk of becoming encrusted in vitro than do uncoated stents C-Flex) were immersed for 24 h at 37°C in fresh human urine supplemented with urease, and the surface photomade of the same substrate polymer or made of different materials. These results emphasize the need graphed and dried. The crystals formed on the stents were dissolved in hydrochloric acid and the calcium for the regular follow-up of patients with hydrophilic stents in place. and magnesium concentrations determined. Results Large crystals were deposited on the surface of
Balloon catheter dilatation is a low-cost alternative to open surgery in patients with ureteral strictures, leading to low morbidity and short hospitalization. The goal of this study was to evaluate the results of this technique in patients with inflammatory ureteral strictures or ureteroenteric strictures after radical cystectomy. Twenty-five ureteral strictures in 20 (15 male, 5 female) patients were consecutively treated by high-pressure balloon dilatation: 14 cases of ureteroenteric stricture (9 after ileal cutaneous diversion, and 5 after orthotopic enterocystoplasty) and 11 of ureteral stricture from various inflammatory causes (tuberculosis, iatrogenic injury, radiation therapy, parasitosis). Dilatation was performed by an antegrade (ureteroenteric strictures) or retrograde (inflammatory strictures) approach using a balloon insufflated up to 10 to 20 atm for 5 to 15 minutes. The ureter was stented for a mean time of 2.1 months (range 1-5 months). Results were evaluated clinically and radiologically (intravenous urogram or CT scan). Immediate success was assessed by intraoperative radiologic monitoring. Long-term success was defined as the absence of recurrence of the stenosis after 6 months. Nineteen procedures were successful among the 23 evaluable cases. With a mean follow-up of 16 months (range 6-39 months), the long-term success rate was 52%: 40% in ureteral strictures and 61% in ureteroenteric strictures. Five strictures secondary to cutaneous diversion and six caused by radiation therapy recurred after dilatation. After cutaneous diversion, the failure occurred mostly at the anastomosis and involved the crossed-over ureter. This study shows that high-pressure balloon dilatation of ureteral strictures has a high early success rate and a long-term success rate of 52%. It can therefore be considered as an alternative to open surgery.
The pig ureter differs from human ureter due to the presence of mucinous cells in the ureteral urothelium under normal conditions. This feature must be taken into account in the interpretation of experimental results obtained with this model.
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