Microscopic Study of the Pig Ureteral Urothelium

Desgrandchamps, François; Moulinier, F; Cochand‐Priollet, Béatrix; Wassef, Michel; Teillac, P.; Duc, A. Le

doi:10.1097/00005392-199705000-00113

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…It has previously been shown by histological analysis at light microscopy that the porcine upper urinary tract closely resembles the human upper urinary tract in its morphological structure [13]. Urothelium and lamina propria of the porcine ureter ex vivo are reliably delineated at light microscopy [13] and at OCT, with substantial inter-observer agreement [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Catheter-based intraluminal optical coherence tomography: comparison with digital light microscopy of ureter wall morphometry in porcine specimens

Mueller‐Lisse¹,

Bauer

Meissner³

et al. 2015

Bladder

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OBJECTIVE: Reproducibility and agreement of width estimates for urothelium, lamina propria, and muscle layer of normal porcine ureter wall ex vivo were compared between catheter-mounted, intraluminal cross-sectional optical coherence tomography (OCT), as a new destruction-free optical imaging method that could be applied clinically to examine the upper urinary tract from within if found to reliably delineate its different anatomical layers, and whole-mount low-power digital light microscopy (DLM). MATERIALS AND METHODS:Eleven ex-vivo-specimens of porcine ureter were flushed with normal saline solution prior to OCT (catheter diameter, 0.014 inch, wavelength, 1300 ± 20 nm, LightLab Imaging, Inc., Westford, MA, USA) at marked locations. Ring-shaped (3 mm) ureter specimens were fixed in 4%-formalin, cut, whole-mounted, and hematoxilin-eosin-stained. Respective thicknesses of urothelium, lamina propria, and muscle layer of the ureter wall were compared between OCT and matching DLM slides (Axioplan2, Carl-Zeiss-Corporation, Jena, Germany) by two independent observers, applying Bland-Altmann plots and paired-data-Student-T-testing at P < 0.05. RESULTS:Width estimates were reproducibly higher for urothelium by a factor of about 1.4 at OCT (60 ± 9-96 ± 18 μm) compared to DLM (45 ± 12-68 ± 9 μm, P < 0.01), similar for lamina propria (OCT, DLM,, and variable for muscle layer (OCT, DLM,.CONCLUSIONS: It appears that OCT reliably delineates ureter wall layers demonstrated by DLM, and that intra-observer reproducibility of the width of urothelium and lamina propria is high for both OCT and DLM, width estimates of lamina propria are reliable at OCT, and width of urothelium is reproducibly overestimated at OCT when compared with DLM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Urothelium and lamina propria of the porcine ureter ex vivo are reliably delineated at light microscopy [13] and at OCT, with substantial inter-observer agreement [2]. Light microscopy, particularly with H&E staining, is the accepted standard of histological analysis in clinical practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catheter-based intraluminal optical coherence tomography: comparison with digital light microscopy of ureter wall morphometry in porcine specimens

Mueller‐Lisse¹,

Bauer

Meissner³

et al. 2015

Bladder

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“…However, distinction of urothelium and lamina propria, and of cell layers within the urothelium were significantly better in normal porcine UUT ex vivo than in normal human UUT in vivo. Although it has previously been shown by histological analysis that the normal porcine upper urinary tract closely resembles the normal human upper urinary tract in its morphological structure, including the presence of four to five layers of urothelium, one distinctive difference lies in the inclusion of mucinous cells within the urothelium in porcine, but not in human UUT [30]. We cannot provide immediate evidence of an effect of the presence of mucinous cells on the ability of OCT to distinguish between the urothelium and lamina propria or between different urothelial cell layers.…”

Section: Pol Scientificmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…While differences in peristaltic activity of the ureter may be one explanation, potential influence of previous intraluminal implants or urologic devices on urothelial microstructure [30] may be another. However, in this study, no data were collected to support or rule out these hypotheses.…”

Section: Pol Scientificmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catheter-based intraluminal optical coherence tomography of the normal human upper urinary tract in vivo: proof of concept and comparison with an ex-vivo porcine model

Mueller‐Lisse¹,

Bader

Englram³

et al. 2016

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OBJECTIVE: Single-slice, cross-sectional, intraluminal optical-coherence-tomography (OCT) is a new destruction-free optical imaging method that could be applied clinically to examine the upper urinary tract from within. In-vivo access to the human upper urinary tract (UUT) was attempted. Similar performance statistics as in ex-vivo porcine UUT were expected for delineation of different wall layers by in-vivo OCT of human UUTs. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Institutional ethics committee approved OCT in a volunteer sample of 15 patients suspected of having UUT pathology (urolithiasis, strictures, urothelial carcinoma (UC)). Commercially available, catheter-mounted 400-μm-OCT-probes (lateral resolution, < 20 µm) were introduced through a rigid cystoscope and urinary catheter or a rigid ureteroscope. Delineations of different UUT wall layers were recorded for quadrants of OCT images. Continuity-corrected-chi-square-statistics were considered to be significant for P < 0.05. RESULTS:OCT was technically successful in all patients. Among quadrants of OCT images of normal UUT in vivo (n = 532) and ex vivo (n = 248), respectively, two observers in consensus found that any tissue layers delineated in 454 (85%) and 223 (90%, P = 0.089), urothelium-lamina propria in 362 (68%) and 193 (78%, P = 0.006), lamina propria-muscle layer in 445 (84%) and 200 (81%, P = 0.352), different muscle layers in 191 (36%) and 207 (84%, P < 0.001), and different urothelial cell layers in 17 (3%) and 172 (69%, P < 0.001). Histopathology-confirmed non-invasive superficial UC showed intraluminal, papillary urothelial protrusions with undistorted lamina propria in three patients. CONCLUSIONS:In-vivo OCT is technically feasible in the human UUT and may demonstrate urothelium, lamina propria, and muscle layer, and recognize non-invasive UC.

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Microscopic Study of the Pig Ureteral Urothelium

Abstract: The pig ureter differs from human ureter due to the presence of mucinous cells in the ureteral urothelium under normal conditions. This feature must be taken into account in the interpretation of experimental results obtained with this model.

Cited by 2 publications

References 6 publications

Catheter-based intraluminal optical coherence tomography: comparison with digital light microscopy of ureter wall morphometry in porcine specimens

Catheter-based intraluminal optical coherence tomography: comparison with digital light microscopy of ureter wall morphometry in porcine specimens

Catheter-based intraluminal optical coherence tomography of the normal human upper urinary tract in vivo: proof of concept and comparison with an ex-vivo porcine model

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