Objectives The concept of family‐centred service (FCS), which is recognized as the standard of paediatric health care, emerged from Western countries, and integration of FCS can be challenging especially in non‐Western countries. This study aims to explore family‐centred behaviours of paediatric residents and their perspectives on FCS being trained in a non‐Western country before and 6 months after an educational workshop. It was hypothesized that the workshop will increase the awareness of paediatric residents regarding FCS and improve their self‐reported family‐centred practices. Study design Ninety‐nine residents who are in a 4‐year paediatric residency program were included. A 2‐hr interactive workshop was conducted for all participants. The measure of processes of care for service providers was used to measure self‐reported family‐centred practices of paediatric residents, and a study specific questionnaire was utilized to understand their perspectives towards FCS prior to and 6 months after the workshop. Results There were statistically significant increases in the measure of processes of care for service providers scores suggesting improvements in self‐reported family‐centred practices of participants 6 months after the workshop. Moreover, the percentage of participants describing themselves as knowledgeable and competent increased. Viewpoints of paediatric residents on the implementation of FCS and several challenges perceived by participants were highlighted. Conclusion This is the first study conducted in a non‐Western country exploring perspectives of paediatric residents towards the implementation of FCS and measuring their self‐reported family‐centred practices before and after an educational workshop. The study revealed that although a 2‐hr interactive workshop improved the self‐reported family‐centred practices of participants, they still found FCS challenging.

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Unexpected early birth of an infant may affect the attachment formation of mother–child dyads. This longitudinal study aimed to explore mother–infant attachment patterns of very preterm (VPT) and preterm (PT) infants compared to their term‐born peers in a non‐Western country. Neurodevelopmental outcomes of infants, maternal anxiety and depressive symptoms, and sociodemographic features were evaluated to explore their effects on attachment. Eighteen VPT, 11 PT, 11 term infants and their mothers participated. Observations of attachment patterns and neurodevelopmental assessments were performed at 18 and 24 months of corrected age. This study identified a change in attachment patterns of VPT infants over time such that VPT infants tended to have less insecure attachment patterns with their mothers at the end of the infancy period. While motor and language development scores were associated with attachment patterns at 18 months, models predicting attachment patterns were no longer significant at 24 months. Therefore, change in VPT infants’ developmental outcomes and attachment patterns over time suggests that preterm birth itself is not necessarily a risk factor for developing insecure attachment patterns; yet, developmental delays may account for insecure attachment patterns. It is suggested that efforts to promote developmental outcomes of preterm infants may improve mother–child attachment.

Background: Improved knowledge of causal and protective factors is crucial for Postpartum depression (PPD) prevention and management. Aims: To investigate the relationship between adverse childhood experience (ACE), perceived social support and PPD in a middle-income non-Western country, and to investigate which type of ACE and which sources of social support were associated with PPD. Methods: The study was cross-sectional study and conducted in a one center from Turkey during March-June 2019. Women up to 1-week postpartum were included in the study. The Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), a validated ACE questionnaire, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support were completed. Results: Nine hundred women took part in the study. The proportion identified with PPD and ACE were 10% and 8.8%, respectively. In bivariate analysis, having previous PPD, unwanted pregnancy, insufficient antenatal care, low family income, history of ACE, and perception of low social support were associated with PPD (p < 0.05). Family support was perceived as beneficial, in both women with no history or ≥2 instances of ACE. However, perceived support from friends and/or a special person was lowest in the ≥2 ACE group (p < 0.05). In logistic regression, unwanted pregnancy, emotional abuse, and neglect, incarceration of a household member, and poor special person support were factors significantly associated with developing PPD (p = 0.005). Conclusions: Emotional abuse, neglect, household dysfunction, and perceived poor support from a special person were risk factors for PPD. A history of maternal childhood trauma and poor social support might indicate the need for early PPD interventions.

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Objectives To examine sleep and behavior problems in children with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) compared to nondiabetic controls in a bridging country between east and west and to evaluate the interaction of sleep on behavior problems, maternal sleep, and maternal depressive symptoms. Methods The study included children with T1DM (4–12 years old) and age/sex-matched healthy controls. Parents completed the Children Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), Children Behavior Checklist/4–18 (CBCL/4–18), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and a study-specific sociodemographic questionnaire. Clinical parameters regarding T1DM were collated from medical records. Results Participants included 75 children with T1DM and 49 controls. Based on CSHQ results 65.3% of all participants in both groups had sleep problems. Children with T1DM slept less and had higher daytime sleepiness problems than controls (p=0.024, p=0.008, respectively). No association was found between CSHQ or sleep duration and mode of diabetes treatment (pump, multiple daily injections) or glycemic control. CSHQ correlated with maternal PSQI (r=0.336 p=0.004) and BDI (r=0.341 p=0.004) in children with T1DM, but there was no association amongst controls. Children with T1DM had higher internalizing problems compared to controls. CSHQ and BDI correlated with internalizing, externalizing, and the total scores of the CBCL/4–18 in children with T1DM (R2=0.260 p<0.001; R2=0.207 p<0.001, R2=0.381 p<0.001 respectively). In controls, only BDI was associated with internalizing, externalizing, and the total scores of the CBCL/4–18. Conclusions Children with T1DM should be evaluated for sleep pattern and quality at follow-up, to identify those at risk for behavior problems and improve maternal life quality. Large longitudinal studies are necessary to assess the effect of new diabetes treatment modalities on sleep.