Water‐in‐oil‐in‐water (w/o/w) emulsions were prepared using commonly available raw materials and a two‐step emulsification process. Several combinations of milk proteins and hydrocolloids were tested as internal water phases. Emulsions prepared with milk or colostrum exhibited the highest encapsulation efficiencies. In particular, w/o/w emulsions with internal water phases composed of colostrum, without addition of hydrocolloids, were the most stable. However, the addition of xanthan gum proved to be synergistic in stabilizing w/o/w whey emulsions.
The series of phenolic acid (2-, 3-, 4-monohydroxy- and 2,4-, 2,5-dihydroxy) alkyl esters (methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl) were prepared, and their antimicrobial activities were determined. The antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Aspergillus brasiliensis was investigated and expressed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in the range of 1.2–20 mM. The inhibitory activity of higher esters of phenolic acids was found to be higher than that of methyl esters and acids. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of tested compounds was compared with that of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and its esters (parabens).
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.