The effect of artificial ageing on spruce (Picea abies), beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), birch (Betula pendula), and sessile oak (Quercus petraea) wood surfaces were investigated using qualitative (total phenolic and total soluble carbohydrate content) chemical examination methods. During ageing (∑240h), the influence of surface chemistry modifications was monitored by contact angle measurements of polar, dispersive (distilled water), and dispersive (diiodomethane) liquids. The results clearly show the relation between the ratio of main chemical components of the wood surface layer and surface wettability during artificial radiation. The identified surface chemistry modifications cause more significant change in the contact angle of polar and dispersive liquid, relative to the change of dispersive liquid contact angle. Chemical changes of the wood surface layer are due to the degradation of the main wood components (cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin) which can be properly monitored by total phenolic (TPC) and total soluble carbohydrate content (TSCC) measurements.
Despite significant changes in pediatric oncological therapy, mortality is still high, mainly due to infections. Complement system as an ancient immune defense against microorganisms plays a significant role in surmounting infections, therefore, deficiency of its components may have particular importance in malignancies. The present paper assesses the effect of promoter (X/Y) and exon 1 (A/0) polymorphisms of the MBL2 gene altering mannose binding lectin (MBL) serum level in pediatric oncological patients with febrile neutropenia. Furthermore, frequency distribution of MBL2 alleles in children with malignancies and age-matched controls was analysed. Fifty-four oncohematological patients and 53 children who had undergone pediatric surgery were enrolled into this retrospective study. No significant differences were found in the frequency of MBL2 alleles between the hemato-oncologic and control group. The average duration of fever episodes was significantly shorter (p = 0.035) in patients carrying genotypes (AY/AY and AY/AX) that encode normal MBL level, compared to individuals with genotypes associated with lower functional MBL level (AX/AX, AY/0, AX/0, or 0/0) (days, median (IQ range) 3.7(0-5.4) vs. 5.0(3.8-6.6), respectively). In conclusion, our data suggest that MBL2 genotypes may influence the course of febrile neutropenia in pediatric patients with malignancies, and may contribute to clarification of the importance of MBL in infections.
In Europe, large quantities of oak wood are available and industrial partners showed interest in bleached oak as oak's reinterpretation in order to reintroduce it on the design furniture market. In the present work besides oak two further wood species beech and black locust were also examined in comparison. Bleaching of beech has a relative well-established technique and can be done with good results with H 2 O 2 , contrary to oak where bleaching with the same agent results in a spotty discoloration of the surface with high-greenish incrust. A second substance is suggested to be used, to achieve the same significant bleaching effect for oak and black locust as for beech. As bleached wood surfaces are also subject to color changes due to sun radiation, bleached samples of the three wood species were exposed to artificial xenon radiation and their behavior was investigated, with focus on the influence of the type of application. Expecting industrial-scale application the possible influence of application type on the measure of total color change was also investigated. The feature of color development was described as exponential function of time for all three wood species and all three application methods.
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Faanyagok ragasztásakor és felületkezelésekor nagyon fontos szerep jut a nedvesítésnek. A faanyag nedvesíthetősége egyenes arányban áll a felületi feszültséggel, </span>azaz minél nagyobb az anyag felületi feszültsége a folyadékhoz képest, annál jobban nedvesíti a folyadék a felületet. Jelen tanulmányban a fa felületi érdességének nedvesítésre, felületi feszültségre gyakorolt hatását vizsgáltuk, meghatározott, a gyakorlat számára is releváns érdesség tartományban. A kocsánytalan tölgy (<em>Quercus petraea</em><span class="s1">) alapanyagot három különböző szemcsefinomságú (60, 80, 100) csiszolópapírral csiszoltunk, majd a mintatesteken felületi érdesség és felületi feszültség méréseket végeztünk. </span>Míg a vizsgált felületek érdességében szignifikáns különbségeket tapasztaltunk, addig a felületi feszültség értékei egymáshoz igen közel állnak, a mért adatokban nem volt szignifikáns különbség. Feltételezzük, hogy az érdességnek ebben a tartományában az 5 µl <span class="s1">űrtartalmú vízcsepp a lokális érdesség durva felszínű viszonyai közepette túl </span>nagy ahhoz, hogy 2-3-4 egymás mellé sorolódó érdesség csúcs adta érdességet kimutasson.</p>
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