provides the most in-depth engagement with the sciences of cybernetics and information theory, all these studies highlight the linguistic, conceptual, and metaphoric exchanges between cybernetics and molecular biology. The point in this essay is to acknowledge this important work, but to also move beyond the preoccupation with rhetoric and ask how contemporary biotech transforms the trope of a genetic "code" in a range of processes (wet-dry cycles in pharmacogenomics) and artifacts (genome databases, DNA chips, lab-grown tissues).
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