<p><em>Hand sanitizer </em>merupakan zat antiseptik dengan kandungan zat aktif berupa alkohol dan bahan antimikroba lain yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Gram positif dan Gram negatif pada tangan. <em>Escherichia coli</em> merupakan bakteri Gram negatif sedangkan <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> merupakan baktei Gram positif dan keduanya secara alami tumbuh pada tubuh dan kulit manusia. Jumlah konsumen <em>hand sanitizer</em> meningkat karena cara pemakaian yang praktis tanpa memerlukan adanya sumber air.</p><p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya hambat 5 merek <em>hand sanitizer</em> gel terhadap <em>E. coli</em> dan <em>S. aureus</em> serta menganalisis faktor yang menjadi pertimbangan konsumen dalam membeli <em>hand sanitizer</em> dengan merek tertentu. Penelitian dengan 2 metode yaitu uji aktivitas antimikroba melalui terbentuknya zona hambat <em>hand sanitizer</em> terhadap mikroba uji dan analisis waktu penghambatan optimum terhadap pertumbuhan mikroba di telapak tangan.<em> </em>Penentuan sampel dilakukan dengan penyebaran kuisionair dengan teknik <em>accidental sampling.</em></p> Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 3 merek yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan <em>E.coli dengan aktivitas sedang hingga kuat, dan</em> semua merek <em>hand sanitizer</em> mampu menghambat pertumbuhan <em>S.aureus dengan aktivitas kuat hingga sangat kuat</em>. Dari hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa data terdistribusi normal dan memenuhi syarat untuk melakukan uji parametrik <em>One Way Annova</em>. Hasil akhir menunjukkan nilai sig p < 0,005 terhadap penghambatan S. aureus dan E. Coli, sehingga terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara sampel <em>hand sanitizer</em> terhadap daya hambat pertumbuhan S. aureus dan E.<em> coli.</em> Hasil pengujian waktu penghambatan optimum terhadap mikroba di telapak tangan menunjukkan penurusan jumlah koloni bakteri pada rentang waktu 0 hingga 12 menit. Dari hasil pengecatan gram diperoleh hasil bahwa mikroba pada telapak tangan tersebut bersifat gram positif, bentuk kokus, susunan menggerombol dan diperkirakan adalah <em>S.aureus</em>
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen that can cause serious problem in immunocompromised persons. Difficulty in treating P. aeruginosa infection is due to its abilities to develop multi drug resistence towards various antibiotic. Quorum sensing system is a potential target for P. aeruginosa infection because this system regulate the expression of virulence factors in this bacteria. In previous study, ethyl acetate extract of Temu Ireng rhizomes (Curcuma aeruginosa) was proved to inhibit quorum sensing in Chromobacterium violaceum. This study was aim to know the effect of C. aeruginosa extract towards expression of P. aeruginosa virulence factors which were regulated by quorum sensing, such as protease LasA activities, LasB and biofilm formation. Protease LasA activity assay was conducting using Staphylococcus aureus cell lysis activity. Protease LasB activity was measured by elastin congo red assay, and the formation of biofilm was monitored using PVC biofilm formation assay method. The result showed that ethyl acetate extract of C. aeruginosa rhizomes can decrease P. aeruginosa virulence controlled by quorum sensing, namely protease LasA, LasB, and biofilm formation by 66.92%, 37.8%, and 46% respectively.
Abstract. Virganita J, Wahyuni DSC, Nugraheni ER. 2009. Antibacterial activity of bioactive compounds from radish (Raphanus sativus) leaves against Escherichia coli and its chemical compounds. . Indonesia has many kinds of plants, some of them are medicinal plants that were used to cure various diseases. One of medicinal plants is radish (Raphanus sativus L.), known as vegetable. That is the reason conducting the research to find out the bioactive compounds from plants, which can be used as raw materials of drug. Other reasons are expensive drug prices in the market, the death case due to microbial infection, and the increasing of bacterial resistance because of ineffectiveness usage of antibiotic. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial effect of bioactive compounds from radish leaves against Escherichia coli. Bioactive compounds were found by extraction dan partition using centrifugation. Dry powder from radish leaves was extracted with chloroform and methanol. After the antibacterial testing, methanol extract resulted in an antibacterial effect was separated in a partition by ethyl acetate into soluble and insoluble parts. The soluble part of ethyl acetate resulted in an antibacterial effect on the concentration of 30-50% was shown by a clear zone (average 10 mm). It was separated again into soluble and insoluble fractions with dichloromethane. Dichloromethane soluble fraction formed a clear zone about 8.30 mm on 10% concentration and 8.42 mm on 20% concentration. Furthermore, the chemical constituent profile of the most active fraction was monitored using KLT method and detected with spray chemicals. The results indicated that radish leaves had bioactive compounds from phenolic group. It was proved by ammonia detection which giving a yellow color, and dark blue with FeCl 3 detection.
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