Some studies showed that ash from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch has relatively high potassium and other minerals and is commonly used directly for soil improver. In this work, we studied the production and characterization of ash from gasification of oil palm empty fruit bunch to produce NPK fertilizer. Oil Palm EFB ash produced from various gasification temperature were characterized by using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) to identify its composition. The fertilizer formula was developed by using EFB ash for potassium source, while nitrogen and phosphates are each obtained from Urea and Diammonium Phosphate (DAP). NPK fertilizer production was conducted through some processes, including formulation, mixing, granulation, and drying. The characterization of fertilizer and EFB ash was done using Scanning Microscope Electron/Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The fertilizer was also tested to the red onion plant compared to commercial NPK fertilizer through small scale field tests using polybags.
Asam lemak bebas (alb) dalam Crude Palm Oil (CPO) merupakan salah satu parameter kualitas CPO.Munculnya asamlemak bebas ini dapat berasal dari faktor pemanenan dan penyimpanan. Asamlemak bebas yang tinggi dalam CPO dapat menurunkan harga CPO. Minyak mentah sawit inimerupakan salah satu sumber energi terbarukan yang diolah, antara lain, menjadi pure plant oil (PPO)dan biodiesel. Namun,masalah utama CPO sebagai bahan baku PPO dan biodiesel adalah asamlemak bebas. Asam lemak bebas dalam CPO yang dapat digunakan untuk PPO dan biodiesel tidakboleh lebih dari 1%. Oleh karena itu, dalam penelitian ini dilakukan usaha untuk menurunkan asamlemak bebas dalam CPO sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan bakar. Metoda yang digunakanadalah esterifikasi. Asam lemak bebas dikonversi menjadi metil ester. Campuran metil ester dengantrigliserida ini merupakan bahan bakar yang dapat digunakan untuk pengganti BBM. Kondisi yangoptimal untuk proses esterifikasi CPO alb tinggi adalah sebagai berikut : suhu 65oC, waktu 360 menit,katalis 0,25%, dan perbandingan mol metanol 8:1. Dengan proses ini, asam lemak bebas dapatditurunkan menjadi 2,76% (konversi 89,39%). Pada kondisi yang sama dengan katalis yangditingkatkan menjadi 0,5%, asam lemak bebas dapat diturunkan menjadi 1,86% (konversi 92,85%).Pada kondisi yang sama, dengan katalis yang ditingkatkan menjadi 1%, asam lemak bebas dapatditurunkan menjadi 1,75% (konversi 93,28%).Kata kunci: asam lemak bebas, CPO, esterifikasi, PPO, biodiesel
Red onion (Allium cepa L.) is considered one of the most commonly used vegetables in the culinary arts in Indonesia. It has many benefits, one of them is contain antioxidants that promote good health. Conventional cultivation of red onion is depended on the implementation of inorganic fertilizers to improve the production and the usage of synthetic pesticides to keep plants from pests attack. In this research, we was produced the NPK slow release fertilizer that formulated for red onion. In the process of synthesized the NPK slow release fertilizer, some main materials used to comply the need of nitrogen (N), phosphor (P), and potassium (K), were Urea, Diammonium Phosphate (DAP), and Potassium Chloride (KCl). Beside those materials, we was also used zeolite as a matrix to increase the characteristic of fertilizer. In the process of making NPK slow release fertilizer, we can used char as a material. Char that produced from the gasification process of empty fruit bunch (EFB) called as EFB char. It is a potential material as a potassium source that can be used in the making of NPK fertilizer. In this research, we was synthesized NPK fertilizer using EFB char as a alternate source of potassium that substitute the potassium chloride which was generally used in making NPK fertilizer. The aim of this research was to formulate and synthesize the NPK fertilizer for red onion using EFB char as a potential source of potassium and then characterize the fertilizer (surface area, pore volume, and morphology test) to analyse the effect of utilization EFB char and adding some material as micronutrient such as Mg (MgSO4 fertilizer) and S (ZA fertilizer) to improve the growth of red onion plant.
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