No abstract

Summary A comprehensive life cycle assessment of panels for aircraft interiors was conducted, including both a conventional glass fiber-reinforced panel and different novel sustainable panels. The conventional panel is made of a glass fiber-reinforced thermoset composite with halogenated flame retardant, whilst the sustainable panels are made of renewable or recyclable polymers, natural fiber reinforcements and non-halogenated flame retardants.Four different sustainable panels were investigated: a geopolymer based panel, a linseed oilbased biopolymer panel, and two thermoplastic panels, one with polypropylene (PP) and another with polylactic acid (PLA). All the sustainable panels were developed to fulfil fire resistance requirements and to be lighter than the conventional panels in order to reduce fuel consumption and air pollutant emissions from the aircraft. The environmental impacts associated with energy consumption and air emissions were assessed, as well as other

Registro de acceso restringido Este recurso no está disponible en acceso abierto por política de la editorial. No obstante, se puede acceder al texto completo desde la Universitat Jaume I o si el usuario cuenta con suscripción. Registre d'accés restringit Aquest recurs no està disponible en accés obert per política de l'editorial. No obstant això, es pot accedir al text complet des de la Universitat Jaume I o si l'usuari compta amb subscripció. Restricted access item This item isn't open access because of publisher's policy. The full--text version is only available from Jaume I University or if the user has a running suscription to the publisher's contents.

The life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology was used to calculate the environmental impacts of the current chemical pre-treatment with chromium (VI) for electroplating acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). The inventory comprised: the procurement of chemicals; the manufacturing process with successive baths and rinses that requires, in addition to chemicals, energy to heat baths, air agitation, filtration, and so forth, wastewater treatment and air emissions; and also the treatment of sludges from wastewater treatment and exhausted baths. Chromic acid was almost the unique responsible of eco-toxicity (97.5%) and human toxicity-cancer (99.8%) and it was one of the highest contributor to climate change, cumulative energy demand, fossil fuel depletion, human toxicity non-cancer, and in abiotic depletion.

HighlightsA new method is provided to calculate the external costs of road traffic noise. The method uses noise weighting factors for vehicle classes and times of the day. Improved weighting factors are developed for vehicle classes and times of the day. These factors can be regarded as suitable to be generalized to any road in Europe. AbstractThe latest amendment of the Eurovignette Directive allows EU Member States to levy infrastructure charges (i.e. road tolls) in order to compensate for the external costs of noise caused by heavy goods vehicles (HGVs). To this end, it provides a method for the calculation of the external costs of road traffic noise. This method requires the use of different weighting factors according to the vehicle class and time of the day. However, the Eurovignette Directive does not provide specific values or guidelines to calculate these weighting factors. For this reason, weighting factors both for different vehicle classes and for different times of the day are developed in this paper. These factors are more reliable than those found in earlier studies, as they are highly differentiated to better account for the influence of key cost drivers, namely vehicle class, speed and time of the day. The method of the Eurovignette Directive focuses on the charging of HGVs for day and night. An alternative method is devised to extend the calculation of noise costs to other vehicle classes and time periods by applying the weighting factors developed herein.