Endocrine dysfunction in COVID-19 plays a role in clinical issues related to different disorders, including, hypogonadism, anxiety, stress and depression. Hypogonadism as an essential determinant for COVID-19-related pathogenesis which regulates the link between the brain and testes. In Indonesia, there is no studying about FSH and LH in COVID-19 survivors. Research design was cross sectional. We conducted this study at the Department of Biomedical Science Faculty of Medicine,, Universitas Airlangga Surabaya, Indonesia. A total of 34 male participants that recovery from COVID-19 enrolled, only 18 participants meet the criteria included. We conducted anamnesis, physical examination including height, weight, waist circumference and we analyzed hormone by using immunoflouroscene analyzer VIDAS and the ELFA method. Normal levels of FSH and LH were 1-8 IU / L and LH 2–10 IU / L, respectively. The mean age of COVID-19 survivors was 36.56 ± 5.69 while the mean marriage duration was 9.56 ± 6.17. The majority of participants had comorbid obesity class I of 6/18 (28.57%) with a mean waist circumference was 91.00 ± 11.68. Mild type COVID-19 was the most frequent 9/18 (50.0%). There were 3/18 (16.7%) pneumonia confirmed COVID-19, but only 2/3 pneumonia confirmed COVID-19 that had elevated FSH and LH levels.
ABSTRAK Pandemi coronavirus disease (COVID-19) telah menjadi masalah di seluruh dunia. diketahui bahwa COVID-19 dapat mempengaruhi banyak organ dalam tubuh manusia, seperti paru-paru, ginjal, jantung, dan testis. Efek COVID-19 pada kesuburan pria masih menjadi kekhawatiran oleh para penyintas. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi dan informasi kepada para penyintas COVID-19 mengenai dampak infeksi pasca-COVID-19 terhadap kesuburan pria. Kami melakukan sesi konseling dan analisis semen para penyintas COVID-19 di RS Indrapura, Surabaya, untuk menginformasikan dan mengevaluasi pengaruh penyakit tersebut terhadap kesuburan mereka. Sebanyak 10 peserta setuju untuk memeriksakan spermanya di Unit Andrologi RS Soetomo Surabaya. Sebelum pemeriksaan, kami melakukan penyuluhan dan edukasi masyarakat kepada para Survivor COVID-19 di RSUD Indrapura dengan menggunakan platform zoom meeting. Konseling yang kami berikan menjelaskan bagaimana COVID-19 dapat memengaruhi status kesuburan pria dan bagaimana melakukan aktivitas seksual yang aman selama pandemi. Hasil dari analisis semen didapatkan teratozoospermia 70%, oligoashtenozoospermia berat 10%, oligozoospermia berat 10%, dan azoospermia post centrifuge 10%. Konseling dan analisis semen para penyintas COVID-19 merupakan langkah penting dalam mengedukasi dan mengevaluasi status kesuburan pria. Partisipan diinformasikan dan memahami status kesuburannya setelah terinfeksi COVID-19. Kata kunci: konseling, coronavirus, pandemi, analisis semen, kesuburan pria ABSTRACT The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has been a problem worldwide. It has been known that COVID-19 could affect many organs in the human body, such as the lungs, kidneys, cardiovascular, and testes. The effect of COVID-19 on male fertility is still a concern for many survivors.This community service activity aims to provide education and information to COVID-19 survivors regarding the impact of post-COVID-19 infection on male fertility. We do a counseling session and semen analysis of COVID-19 survivors in Indrapura Hospital, Surabaya, to inform and evaluate the effect of the disease on their fertility. A total of 10 participants agreed to check their semen in Andrology Unit, Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya. Before the examination, we performed community counseling and education of the COVID-19 Survivors in Indrapura Hospital using a zoom meeting. The counseling we give explains how COVID-19 could affect male fertility status and how to do safe sexual activity during pandemics. The results of the semen analysis are teratozoospermia 70%, severe oligoashtenozoospermia 10%, severe oligozoospermia 10%, and azoospermia post centrifuge 10%. Counseling, and semen analysis of the COVID-19 survivors is an essential step in educating and evaluating male fertility status. Participants were informed and understood their fertility status after being infected by COVID-19. Keywords: counseling, coronavirus, pandemic, semen analysis, male fertility
Adult male genotype and phenotype with aphallia are men born without a penis. The effectiveness of male sex assignment or female sex reassignment as a treatment for aphallia has been debated. The study's goal was to address the gonadal existence and supporting investigation related to the reproductive health care of reported cases of aphallia patients such as karyotyping, physical examination, semen analysis, hormone reproduction level, sperm retrieval, radiological investigation type of intervention. In this narrative review, data were obtained from Pubmed and Google Scholar that contains keywords "absence penis", "penile agenesis", "phalloplasty" "fertility function". We excluded pediatric patients with aphallia or adult patients with aphallia that reassignments to be female. Only five of the case reports were adult patients with aphallia that reported their fertility function and remains the gonadal existence. All samples have fertility potential disregard their aphallia based on primary testicular function, semen analysis, hormonal profile radiological investigation. Radiology supporting to the investigation of fertility function has aimed to detect genitourinary anomaly related to the site of urinary meatus associated with death rate. Four patients showed post sphincteric meatus urinary and one patient was presphincteric meatus urinary. Gonadal existence is addressed in the case report. This report suggested that sex assignment on aphallia patients should be considered based on the gonadal existence because even though they do not have a penis, they can have children through assisted reproductive technology provided that their phenotype and genotype are matched.
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