Investigating the psychometric properties of the Turkish form of the Grief and Meaning Reconstruction InventoryObjective: The aim of this study is to adapt the Grief and Meaning Reconstruction Inventory (GMRI) to Turkish. Method: Three hundred and six adults who lost their spouse or one of their parents or siblings due to death in a period between 6 months and 10 years previously were included in the study. The participants were asked to complete a questionnaire set including GMRI, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and a demographic information form that was generated by the researchers. To investigate the psychometric properties of the Turkish form of the scale, exploratory factor analyses, parallel analysis, reliability analyses (Cronbach's alpha), correlation analyses, and regression analyses were conducted. Results: Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) showed that the Turkish form of the GMRI consisted of 27 items and 4 subscales. Parallel analysis also supported a four-factor structure. Cronbach's alpha values for the Turkish form of the GMRI were found to be similar to the original scale. Correlation analyses showed that the GMRI scores were strongly negatively correlated with both depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms. In addition, after controlling for the time elapsed since the loss, age of the bereaved, education level of the bereaved, and age of the deceased person, GMRI scores were found to be a significant negative predictor of BDI and STAI scores. Conclusion: This study showed that the Turkish version of the GMRI can be used in Turkish culture as a valid and reliable measurement tool.
Objectives
The study aims to develop a continuing bonds scale, investigate the relationship between continuing bonds and adjustment after loss, and test the moderating role of meaning reconstruction in this relationship.
Methods
Data were collected from two different samples of 306 (Study 1) and 271 (Study 2) bereaved adults.
Results
The four factors structure of the Multidimensional Continuing Bonds Scale (MCBS) was explored and confirmed. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that continuing bonds showed a significant relationship with prolonged grief symptoms after controlling the risk factors such as gender, age of the deceased, time since loss, and cause of death. Meaning reconstruction moderated the relationship between continuing bonds and prolonged grief symptoms.
Conclusion
The results revealed that the MCBS can be used as a valid and reliable scale to assess the continuing bonds construct. The relationship between continuing bonds and prolonged grief symptoms varies according to the levels of meaning reconstruction.
Bu araştırma, fonksiyonel olmayan obsesif inançların OKB' ye özgü olup olmadığını OKB, depresyon ve kaygı bozuklukları olmak üzere üç farklı klinik örneklem ve üniversite öğrencileri kontrol grubu kullanarak incelemeyi amaçlamıştır.Yöntem: Araştırmanın örneklemi Obsesif-Kompulsif Bozukluk (OKB, n=53), Majör Depresif Bozukluk (MDB, n=67), Kaygı Bozuklukları (KB, n=73) tanısı almış 3 gruptan ve üniversite öğrencilerinden oluşan sağlıklı örneklem (n=477) grubundan oluşmaktadır. Obsesif inançları değerlendirmek amacıyla Obsesif İnançlar Anketi'nin kısa formu (OİA-20), psikopatoloji belirtilerini değerlendirmek amacıyla ise yarı yapılandırılmış klinik görüşmelere (SCID) ek olarak Obsesif-Kompulsif Envanteri-Revize Form (OKE-R), Beck Depresyon Envanteri (BDE) ve Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri (DSKE) kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Analiz sonuçları, klinik örneklemlerin OİA-20 puanlarının üniversite öğrencilerinden daha yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, klinik gruplar, düşüncelerin önemi/kontrolü alt boyutu dışındaki obsesif inançlar bakımından birbirlerinden farklılaşmamıştır. OKB tanısı almış hastalar yalnızca düşüncelerin önemi/kontrolü alt boyutunda depresyon ve kaygı grubundan daha yüksek puan almışlardır.Sonuç: Bulgular, obsesif inançların, düşüncelerin önemi/kontrolü hariç, farklı psikopatolojilerin başlamasında ve devam etmesinde tanılar üstü bir rolü olabileceğine işaret etmektedir. Farklı psikopatolojilerin altında yatan ortak süreçlerin keşfedilmesi hastalıkların etiyolojilerinin açıklanması ve tedavi planlaması için oldukça önemlidir.
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