The law recognizes both litigation and non-litigation settlement mechanisms, but it is almost not explicitly regulated for non-litigation settlement in criminal cases. Non-litigation in criminal recognizes the concept of restorative justice for the public interest, which is different from the private realm in civil. The concept of restorative justice exists to rehabilitate the state of criminals so that they are accepted back into the community. The concept of restorative justice is manifested in the mediation mechanism in criminal law in the form of penal mediation, but penal mediation does not yet have a legal umbrella. The non-progressive normative application of the law results in the overcapacity of prisons/remand centres. Currently, the Draft Criminal Procedure Code (hereinafter as RKUHAP) is being drafted, which does not yet regulate the application of non-litigation solutions. Later, it can be applied by law enforcement agencies so that problems such as overcapacity prisons are resolved and the creation of peaceful order in the community. This study aims to provide a view of the concept of penal mediation in criminal procedural law to serve as an aspiration for the consideration of the parties involved in the preparation of the substance of the RKUHAP. This paper uses a normative approach with technical analysis using hermeneutic analysis and interpretation methods.
Indonesia is one of the countries that has the largest nickel reserves in the world. In addition to being used for export, currently the government has required domestic downstream nickel. In addition, the potential for nickel in Indonesia also plays a role in increasing investment for state revenues through investment consolidation. Through the policy of banning nickel ore exports, the long-term sustainability of raw nickel supply for domestic smelter needs is maintained. However, there are issues in the community due to the export ban affecting the selling price of nickel, in particular having an impact on business activities. This paper discusses the extent of nickel investment policies, nickel ore exports, downstreaming, and the obstacles faced. The author found that nickel downstreaming actually pushed nickel prices in a positive direction, thus encouraging investors to come to Indonesia
Abstrak Kemajuan suatu negara ditentukan salah satunya oleh kualitas sumber daya manusia, maka peran pendidikan sangat penting. Menurut catatan capaian pendidikan nasional, Papua menjadi salah satu daerah dengan capaian pendidikan yang rendah. Dalam konstitusi, telah jelas bahwa negara menjamin hak untuk memperoleh pendidikan bagi setiap warga negaranya secara adil dan merata. Tetapi, pada praktiknya, masih adanya hambatan, khususnya dalam kerangka Otonomi Khusus yang diatur dalam UU No. 2 Tahun 2021 tentang Perubahan Kedua atas UU No. 21 Tahun 2001 tentang Otonomi Khusus Bagi Provinsi Papua. Pemberian status Otonomi Khusus tersebut juga mempengaruhi alokasi anggaran yang diberikan, juga secara khusus untuk sektor pendidikan yang menjadi salah satu sektor prioritas Otonomi Khusus. Penulisan ini menemukan sejumlah fakta melalui data yang ada, bahwa jumlah anggaran yang diberikan Pemerintah Pusat kepada Pemerintah Daerah Papua tidak berbanding lurus dengan peningkatan mutu pendidikan di Papua. Abstract The quality of human resources determines the progress of a country, so education is essential. According to national education achievement records, Papua is one of the regions with low educational attainment. In the constitution, it is clear that the state guarantees the right to education for every citizen fairly and equitably. However, there are still obstacles in practice, especially in the framework of Special Autonomy regulated in Law no. 2 of 2021 concerning the Second Amendment to Law no. 21 of 2001 concerning Special Autonomy for the Province of Papua. The granting of the Special Autonomy status also affects the budget allocation given, also specifically for the education sector, which is one of the priority sectors of Special Autonomy. This writing finds several facts through existing data that the amount of budget given by the Central Government to the Papua Regional Government is not directly proportional to the improvement of the quality of education in Papua.
Jakarta has been the country's capital city since prior to the independence of Indonesia. The enactment of Law Number 29 of 2007 concerning the Provincial Government of the Special Capital Region of Jakarta confirmed Jakarta to be the capital city of Indonesia. Many dynamics over the years, such as the issue of the capital city will sink, have caused Jakarta to be deemed no longer capable of becoming the nation's capital. The discourse of relocating the capital city since President Soekarno's administration until the Jokowi administration reaffirmed on August 26, 2019, that the Government would move the State Capital from DKI Jakarta province to East Kalimantan Province. The aim is evidenced by the issuance of Law Number 3 2022 for the State Capital, ratified by the House of Representatives on January 18, 2022, and signed by President Joko Widodo on February 15, 2022. The policy to move the capital city was motivated by developing new economic areas, reducing inter-regional, and improving welfare. Based on the SWOT analysis results, the authors found that the relocation of the capital city has more strengths and opportunities than weaknesses and threats, so the relocation of the capital city is expected to impact the Indonesian economy positively.
Peningkatan bonus demografi di Indonesia menyebabkan jumlah permukaan lahan untuk dimanfaatkan ruangnya dalam menggerakan roda ekonomi semakin sempit. Provinsi Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta yang menjadi pusat bisnis dalam menghadapi masalah keterbatasan lahan perlu memanfaatkan ruang bawah tanah yang ada. Keberadaan ruang bawah tanah pada praktiknya dimanfaatkan untuk sarana jaringan utilitas terpadu agar pemanfaatan lahan menjadi lebih optimal. Sebelum adanya Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 pemanfaatan ruang bawah tanah tidak diatur secara komprehensif. Kemudian barulah Peraturan Pemerintah No. 18 tahun 2021 menegaskan secara yuridis bahwa terdapat pemisahan secara horizontal antara kepemilikan hak atas tanah di atas permukaan dengan di bawah tanah. Namun dalam penerapan peraturan-peraturan dimaksud masih perlu adanya sosialisasi terus menerus agar tercipta keteraturan pemahaman hukum. Lebih lanjut, dengan adanya Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 91/PUU-XVIII/2020 yang menyatakan UUCK inkonstitusional bersyarat diduga dapat memperlambat proses penerapan peraturan baru ini. Bahwa dalam hal ini diperlukan peranan notaris sebagai pejabat pembuat akta tanah yang akan bersinggungan dengan hal-hal dimaksud. Notaris perlu turut andil dalam peran edukasi terkait khususnya pelaksanaanya selama masa pandemi covid-19 saat ini. Penulis menemukan dalam pemanfaatan ruang bawah tanah menggunakan hak guna bangunan dimana untuk pembuatan aktanya dapat diproses oleh notaris.Keyword: Notaris, ruang bawah tanah, jaringan utilitasAbstractThe increase in the demographic bonus in Indonesia causes the amount of land to be used for economic development purposes has its own limitation. The Province of the Special Capital City Region of Jakarta, which is a business center that dealing with the problem of limited land, needs to take advantage of the existing underground space. The existence of underground space is usually utilized for integrated utility network facilities so that land use becomes more optimal. Prior to Law Number 11 of 2020 the use of underground spaces was not comprehensively regulated. Then the Government Regulation No. 18 of 2021 juridically confirms that there is a horizontal separation between ownership of land rights above the surface and below the ground. However, in the application of these regulations, there is still a need for continuous socialization in order to create a regular understanding of the law. Furthermore, with the Constitutional Court Decision Number 91/PUU-XVIII/2020 which states that the UUCK is conditionally unconstitutional, it is suspected that it can slow down the process of implementing this new regulation. That in this case the role of a notary as an official making land deeds is needed which will intersect with the underground utilization. Notaries need to take part in the role of related education, especially its implementation during the current covid-19 pandemic. The author finds that in the use of the basement using the right to use the building where the deed can be processed by a notary.
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